Géométrie complexeIn mathematics, complex geometry is the study of geometric structures and constructions arising out of, or described by, the complex numbers. In particular, complex geometry is concerned with the study of spaces such as complex manifolds and complex algebraic varieties, functions of several complex variables, and holomorphic constructions such as holomorphic vector bundles and coherent sheaves. Application of transcendental methods to algebraic geometry falls in this category, together with more geometric aspects of complex analysis.
Coherent sheaf cohomologyIn mathematics, especially in algebraic geometry and the theory of complex manifolds, coherent sheaf cohomology is a technique for producing functions with specified properties. Many geometric questions can be formulated as questions about the existence of sections of line bundles or of more general coherent sheaves; such sections can be viewed as generalized functions. Cohomology provides computable tools for producing sections, or explaining why they do not exist. It also provides invariants to distinguish one algebraic variety from another.
Fonction numériquevignette|Trois fonctions numériques représentant les précipitations, la température minimale et la température maximale au long de l'année à Brest En mathématiques, une fonction numérique est une fonction à valeurs réelles, c'est-à-dire qu'elle associe à toute valeur possible de ses variables un résultat numérique. Le terme est souvent employé pour désigner une fonction réelle d'une variable réelle, notamment dans l'enseignement secondaire, mais il recouvre aussi les notions de fonction de plusieurs variables ou de fonctions définies sur d’autres espaces topologiques comme les variétés différentiables, ou sur des structures discrètes comme les graphes.
Auxiliary functionIn mathematics, auxiliary functions are an important construction in transcendental number theory. They are functions that appear in most proofs in this area of mathematics and that have specific, desirable properties, such as taking the value zero for many arguments, or having a zero of high order at some point. Auxiliary functions are not a rigorously defined kind of function, rather they are functions which are either explicitly constructed or at least shown to exist and which provide a contradiction to some assumed hypothesis, or otherwise prove the result in question.
