Consumption functionIn economics, the consumption function describes a relationship between consumption and disposable income. The concept is believed to have been introduced into macroeconomics by John Maynard Keynes in 1936, who used it to develop the notion of a government spending multiplier. Its simplest form is the linear consumption function used frequently in simple Keynesian models: where is the autonomous consumption that is independent of disposable income; in other words, consumption when disposable income is zero.
Preferred stockPreferred stock (also called preferred shares, preference shares, or simply preferreds) is a component of share capital that may have any combination of features not possessed by common stock, including properties of both an equity and a debt instrument, and is generally considered a hybrid instrument. Preferred stocks are senior (i.e., higher ranking) to common stock but subordinate to bonds in terms of claim (or rights to their share of the assets of the company, given that such assets are payable to the returnee stock bond) and may have priority over common stock (ordinary shares) in the payment of dividends and upon liquidation.
Yield spreadIn finance, the yield spread or credit spread is the difference between the quoted rates of return on two different investments, usually of different credit qualities but similar maturities. It is often an indication of the risk premium for one investment product over another. The phrase is a compound of yield and spread. The "yield spread of X over Y" is generally the annualized percentage yield to maturity (YTM) of financial instrument X minus the YTM of financial instrument Y.
Théorie du revenu permanentLa théorie du revenu permanent est une théorie économique selon laquelle les choix effectués par les consommateurs sont dictés non pas par leur revenu effectif actuel, mais par leur estimation de revenu à long terme. Ce dernier intègre les revenus passés, présents et futurs. Par la même occasion, Friedman introduit en économie la notion de revenu et consommation permanente. Cette théorie s'oppose à la fonction de consommation keynésienne de la propension à consommer. Elle a été conceptualisée par Milton Friedman en 1957.
Société d'investissement immobilier cotéeLa société d'investissement immobilier cotée (SIIC) est un type d'entreprise française propriétaire de bâtiments soumise à un régime fiscal particulier. Dans la plupart des cas, cette entreprise gère le patrimoine immobilier pour le compte de ses actionnaires. Celle-ci se distingue de la société civile de placement immobilier (SCPI ou OCPI), dont les titres ne peuvent être échangés sur des places boursières régulées (ils sont vendus de gré à gré).
