A reduced basis method for electromagnetic scattering by multiple particles in three dimensions

We consider the development of efficient and fast computational methods for parametrized electromagnetic scattering problems involving many scattering three dimensional bodies. The parametrization may describe the location, orientation, size, shape and number of scattering bodies as well as properties of the source field such as frequency, polarization and incident direction. The emphasis is on problems that need to be solved rapidly to accurately simulate the interaction of scattered fields under parametric variation, e. g., for design, detection, or uncertainty quantification. For such problems, the use of a brute force approach is often ruled out due to the computational cost associated with solving the problem for each parameter value. In this work, we propose an iterative reduced basis method based on a boundary element discretization of few reference scatterers to resolve the computationally challenging large scale problem. The approach includes (i) a computationally intensive offline procedure to create a selection of a set of snapshot parameters and the construction of an associated reduced basis for each reference scatterer and (ii) an inexpensive online algorithm to generate the surface current and scattered field of the parametrized configuration, for any choice of parameters within the parameter domains used in the offline procedure. Comparison of our numerical results with directly measured results for some benchmark configurations demonstrate the power of our method to rapidly simulate the interacting electromagnetic fields under parametric variation of the overall multiple particle configuration. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Adaptive finite elements with high aspect ratio for the computation of coalescence using a phase-field model

Erik Burman, Alain Jacot, Marco Picasso

A multiphase-field model for the description of coalescence in a binary alloy is solved numerically using adaptive finite elements with high aspect ratio. The unknown of the multiphase-field model are the three phase fields (solid phase 1, solid phase 2, and liquid phase), a Lagrange multiplier and the concentration field. An Euler implicit scheme is used for time discretization, together with continuous, piecewise linear finite elements. At each time step, a linear system corresponding to the three phases plus the Lagrange multiplier has to be solved. Then, the linear system pertaining to concentration is solved. An adaptive finite element algorithm is proposed. In order to reduce the number of mesh vertices, the generated meshes contain elements with high aspect ratio. The refinement and coarsening criteria are based on an error indicator which has already been justified theoretically for simpler problems. Numerical results on two test cases show the efficiency of the method. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

2004

Modélisation mathématique et simulation numérique des phénomènes dynamiques et thermiques apparaissant dans un glacier

Pierre Kirner

In this work, two problems linked to glacier modeling are investigated. We propose an optimisation method for studying the flow of the ice and we present a numerical study about glacier thermal phenomena. In the first chapter of this thesis, we expose the models of these two problems. On one hand, we note that the boundary conditions on the bedrock are misunderstood, which explains it is difficult to obtain an accurate simulation of the motion of the ice. Also we establish a mathematical model where the bedrock boundary conditions depend on a control parameter. The aim of this study is to minimize a cost functional describing the difference between the computed velocity at the surface and the measure done. We study the cost functional with respect to the control parameter and we detail an optimisation method to solve the optimal control problem. On the other hand, we introduce two thermodynamical model governing the temperature and the water content field. The models correspond to a Stefan problem for the temperature and a convection-diffusion equation for the water content. The second chapter deals with the numerical resolution of the optimisation problem. First, a Finite Element Method (FEM) is described to solve the partial differential equations. Then, the algorithms used for the optimal control problem are detailed. Finally, this techniques are applied on two glaciers : Griesgletcher for 2D and Storglaciaren for 3D. The third chapter deals with the numerical resolution of the temperature and the water content models. A FEM is used for each problem. Concerning the temperature problem, the Stefan problem is numerically solved and the results allow to detect a free surface between the temperated ice and the cold ice. The water content field is also simulated. Numerical results are discussed on the Storglaciaren.

EPFL2007

Numerical simulation of thermal problems coupled with magnetohydrodynamic effects in aluminium cell

Jacques Rappaz

A system of partial differential equations describing the thermal behavior of aluminium cell coupled with magnetohydrodynamic effects is numerically solved. The thermal model is considered its a two-phases Stefan problem which consists of a non-linear convection-diffusion heat equation with Joule effect as a source. The magnetohydrodynamic fields are governed by Navier-Stokes and by static Maxwell equations. A pseudo-evolutionary scheme (Chernoff) is used to obtain the stationary solution giving the temperature and the frozen layer profile for the simulation of the ledges in the cell. A numerical approximation using a finite element method is formulated to obtain the fluid velocity, electrical potential, magnetic induction and temperature. An iterative algorithm and 3-D numerical results are presented. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Elsevier2009