Tunnelvignette|Construction du tunnel sous la Tamise en 1830. Un tunnel est une galerie souterraine livrant passage à une voie de communication (chemin de fer, canal, route, chemin pour piétons). Sont apparentés aux tunnels par leur mode de construction les grands ouvrages hydrauliques souterrains, tels que les aqueducs, collecteurs et émissaires destinés soit à l'amenée, soit à l'évacuation des eaux des grands centres et certaines conduites établies en liaison avec les barrages et usines hydro-électriques.
Slope stabilitySlope stability refers to the condition of inclined soil or rock slopes to withstand or undergo movement; the opposite condition is called slope instability or slope failure. The stability condition of slopes is a subject of study and research in soil mechanics, geotechnical engineering and engineering geology. Analyses are generally aimed at understanding the causes of an occurred slope failure, or the factors that can potentially trigger a slope movement, resulting in a landslide, as well as at preventing the initiation of such movement, slowing it down or arresting it through mitigation countermeasures.
Engineering geologyEngineering geology is the application of geology to engineering study for the purpose of assuring that the geological factors regarding the location, design, construction, operation and maintenance of engineering works are recognized and accounted for. Engineering geologists provide geological and geotechnical recommendations, analysis, and design associated with human development and various types of structures.
Groundwater modelGroundwater models are computer models of groundwater flow systems, and are used by hydrologists and hydrogeologists. Groundwater models are used to simulate and predict aquifer conditions. An unambiguous definition of "groundwater model" is difficult to give, but there are many common characteristics. A groundwater model may be a scale model or an electric model of a groundwater situation or aquifer. Groundwater models are used to represent the natural groundwater flow in the environment.
Risque géologiquethumb|Glissement de terrain à Langevin (La Réunion). Un risque géologique est un risque qui peut aboutir à un incident ou accident lié à la nature du terrain, comme un séisme , une éruption volcanique ou un glissement de terrain. Un risque est la combinaison d'un enjeu et d'un aléa. Les risques géologiques peuvent être classés en deux catégories: les risques naturels liés à l'activité de la planète les risques liés aux activités humaines Ces risques géologiques peuvent être liés à des mouvements lents et/ou continus, comme des tassements, effondrement karstiques ou autres formes d'affaissements de terrain (dolines.
Slope stability analysisSlope stability analysis is a static or dynamic, analytical or empirical method to evaluate the stability of slopes of soil- and rock-fill dams, embankments, excavated slopes, and natural slopes in soil and rock. It is performed to assess the safe design of a human-made or natural slopes (e.g. embankments, road cuts, open-pit mining, excavations, landfills etc.) and the equilibrium conditions. Slope stability is the resistance of inclined surface to failure by sliding or collapsing.
Subsidence (géologie)thumb|right|Route endommagée par un affaissement de subsidence, près de Castleton, Derbyshire. La subsidence (du latin subsidere, « s'enfoncer ») est un lent . Elle offre ainsi un espace pour l'enfoncement progressif, régulier ou saccadé, pendant une assez longue période, d'un bassin sédimentaire dans lequel les dépôts sédimentaires peuvent acquérir une épaisseur considérable. vignette|Subsidence par surcharge.
Groundwater energy balanceThe groundwater energy balance is the energy balance of a groundwater body in terms of incoming hydraulic energy associated with groundwater inflow into the body, energy associated with the outflow, energy conversion into heat due to friction of flow, and the resulting change of energy status and groundwater level. When multiplying the horizontal velocity of groundwater (dimension, for example, per cross-sectional area) with the groundwater potential (dimension energy per volume of water, or ) one obtains an energy flow (flux) in for the given flow and cross-sectional area.
Section (archaeology)In archaeology a section is a view in part of the archaeological sequence showing it in the vertical plane, as a cross section, and thereby illustrating its profile and stratigraphy. This may make it easier to view and interpret as it developed over time. Half-sectioning is the usual method whereby one half of a feature is excavated and the remainder left in situ. Large linear features may be sectioned at intervals along their lengths.
Glissement de terrainvignette|Restes du glissement de terrain ayant détruit le village de Sant'Antonio Morignone, commune de Valdisotto (Italie). vignette|Glissement de terrain ayant emporté une route et une résidence à Saint-Jude (Montérégie, Québec). vignette|Glissement de terrain à Smueia de Badia (Sud-Tyrol, Italie), après l'évènement. vignette|Glissement de terrain ayant emporté des pans de route (d), près de Castleton (Royaume-Uni).
