Electron ionizationElectron ionization (EI, formerly known as electron impact ionization and electron bombardment ionization) is an ionization method in which energetic electrons interact with solid or gas phase atoms or molecules to produce ions. EI was one of the first ionization techniques developed for mass spectrometry. However, this method is still a popular ionization technique. This technique is considered a hard (high fragmentation) ionization method, since it uses highly energetic electrons to produce ions.
Molecular design softwareMolecular design software is notable software for molecular modeling, that provides special support for developing molecular models de novo. In contrast to the usual molecular modeling programs, such as for molecular dynamics and quantum chemistry, such software directly supports the aspects related to constructing molecular models, including: Molecular graphics interactive molecular drawing and conformational editing building polymeric molecules, crystals, and solvated systems partial charges development g
Free-energy relationshipIn physical organic chemistry, a free-energy relationship or Gibbs energy relation relates the logarithm of a reaction rate constant or equilibrium constant for one series of chemical reactions with the logarithm of the rate or equilibrium constant for a related series of reactions. Free energy relationships establish the extent at which bond formation and breakage happen in the transition state of a reaction, and in combination with kinetic isotope experiments a reaction mechanism can be determined.
DarmstadtiumLe darmstadtium (symbole Ds) est l'élément chimique de numéro atomique 110. Il a été synthétisé pour la première fois en par une réaction au Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI) de Darmstadt, en Allemagne, et a reçu son nom définitif en en référence à la ville où il a été observé pour la première fois. Il s'agit d'un transactinide très radioactif, dont l'isotope connu le plus stable, le 281Ds, a une période radioactive d'environ .
Q (software)Q is a computer software package for molecular dynamics (MD) simulation (current release: Q6). Unlike other MD codes, it has specialized since its conception (Marelius et al. 1998) on three specific types of free energy calculations. These calculations are based on the methods: empirical valence bond (EVB), free energy perturbation (FEP), and linear interaction energy (LIE), as well as, more recently, also path integral calculations using the bisection quantum classical path (BQCP) approach.
