MemristorEn électronique, le memristor (ou memristance) est un composant électronique passif. Il a été décrit comme le quatrième composant passif élémentaire, aux côtés du condensateur (ou capacité), du résistor (ou résistance) et de la bobine(ou inductance). Le nom est un mot-valise formé à partir des deux mots anglais memory et resistor. Un memristor stocke efficacement l’information car la valeur de sa résistance électrique change de façon permanente lorsqu’un courant est appliqué.
Nonlinear metamaterialA nonlinear metamaterial is an artificially constructed material that can exhibit properties not yet found in nature. Its response to electromagnetic radiation can be characterized by its permittivity and material permeability. The product of the permittivity and permeability results in the refractive index. Unlike natural materials, nonlinear metamaterials can produce a negative refractive index. These can also produce a more pronounced nonlinear response than naturally occurring materials.
Aluminum electrolytic capacitorAluminum electrolytic capacitors are polarized electrolytic capacitors whose anode electrode (+) is made of a pure aluminum foil with an etched surface. The aluminum forms a very thin insulating layer of aluminum oxide by anodization that acts as the dielectric of the capacitor. A non-solid electrolyte covers the rough surface of the oxide layer, serving in principle as the second electrode (cathode) (-) of the capacitor. A second aluminum foil called “cathode foil” contacts the electrolyte and serves as the electrical connection to the negative terminal of the capacitor.
Tantalum capacitorA tantalum electrolytic capacitor is an electrolytic capacitor, a passive component of electronic circuits. It consists of a pellet of porous tantalum metal as an anode, covered by an insulating oxide layer that forms the dielectric, surrounded by liquid or solid electrolyte as a cathode. Because of its very thin and relatively high permittivity dielectric layer, the tantalum capacitor distinguishes itself from other conventional and electrolytic capacitors in having high capacitance per volume (high volumetric efficiency) and lower weight.
État solidevignette|Solide en laiton conçu par Piet Hein prenant la forme d'un superœuf.|alt=Superœuf solide de couleur dorée posé sur une surface indéfinissable. L’état solide est un état de la matière caractérisé par l'absence de liberté entre les molécules ou les ions (métaux par exemple). Les critères macroscopiques de la matière à l'état solide sont : le solide a une forme propre ; le solide a un volume propre. Si un objet solide est ferme, c'est grâce aux liaisons entre les atomes, ions ou molécules composants du solide.
