Mémoire vive dynamiqueLa mémoire vive dynamique (en anglais DRAM pour Dynamic Random Access Memory) est un type de mémoire vive compacte et peu dispendieuse. La simplicité structurelle de la DRAM — un pico-condensateur et un transistor pour un bit — permet d'obtenir une densité élevée. Son inconvénient réside dans les courants de fuite des pico-condensateurs : l'information disparaît à moins que la charge des condensateurs ne soit rafraîchie avec une période de quelques millisecondes. D'où le terme de dynamique.
Parallélisme de donnéeLe parallélisme par distribution de donnée ou parallélisme de donnée (data parallelism en anglais) est un paradigme de la programmation parallèle. Autrement dit, c'est une manière particulière d'écrire des programmes pour des machines parallèles. Les algorithmes des programmes qui entrent dans cette catégorie cherchent à distribuer les données au sein des processus et à y opérer les mêmes opérations à l'instar des SIMD. Le paradigme opposé est celui du parallélisme de tâche. Catégorie:Programmation concurr
Law of demandIn microeconomics, the law of demand is a fundamental principle which states that there is an inverse relationship between price and quantity demanded. In other words, "conditional on all else being equal, as the price of a good increases (↑), quantity demanded will decrease (↓); conversely, as the price of a good decreases (↓), quantity demanded will increase (↑)". Alfred Marshall worded this as: "When we say that a person's demand for anything increases, we mean that he will buy more of it than he would before at the same price, and that he will buy as much of it as before at a higher price".
Memory cell (computing)The memory cell is the fundamental building block of computer memory. The memory cell is an electronic circuit that stores one bit of binary information and it must be set to store a logic 1 (high voltage level) and reset to store a logic 0 (low voltage level). Its value is maintained/stored until it is changed by the set/reset process. The value in the memory cell can be accessed by reading it. Over the history of computing, different memory cell architectures have been used, including core memory and bubble memory.
Rafraîchissement de la mémoireLe rafraîchissement de la mémoire est un processus qui consiste à lire périodiquement les informations d'une mémoire d'ordinateur et les réécrire immédiatement sans modifications, dans le but de prévenir la perte de ces informations. Le rafraîchissement de la mémoire est requis dans les mémoires de type DRAM (dynamic random access memory), le type de mémoire vive le plus largement utilisé, et le rafraîchissement est une des caractéristiques principales de ce type de mémoire.
SATA ExpressSATA Express (sometimes unofficially shortened to SATAe) is a computer bus interface that supports both Serial ATA (SATA) and PCI Express (PCIe) storage devices, initially standardized in the SATA 3.2 specification. The SATA Express connector used on the host side is backward compatible with the standard SATA data connector, while it also provides two PCI Express lanes as a pure PCI Express connection to the storage device. Instead of continuing with the SATA interface's usual approach of doubling its native speed with each major version, SATA 3.
Demand pagingIn computer operating systems, demand paging (as opposed to anticipatory paging) is a method of virtual memory management. In a system that uses demand paging, the operating system copies a disk page into physical memory only if an attempt is made to access it and that page is not already in memory (i.e., if a page fault occurs). It follows that a process begins execution with none of its pages in physical memory, and many page faults will occur until most of a process's working set of pages are located in physical memory.
Cross elasticity of demandIn economics, the cross (or cross-price) elasticity of demand measures the effect of changes in the price of one good on the quantity demanded of another good. This reflects the fact that the quantity demanded of good is dependent on not only its own price (price elasticity of demand) but also the price of other "related" good. The cross elasticity of demand is calculated as the ratio between the percentage change of the quantity demanded for a good and the percentage change in the price of another good, ceteris paribus:The sign of the cross elasticity indicates the relationship between two goods.
Gestion de mémoire par régionsEn informatique, la gestion de mémoire par région est un type de gestion de mémoire avec lequel chaque objet alloué est assigné à une région. Une région, alias une zone, une arène, ou un contexte mémoire, est une collection d’objets alloués qui peut être efficacement désallouée en bloc. Comme l’allocation par pile, les régions facilitent l’allocation et la désallocation de la mémoire à faible coût ; mais elles sont plus flexibles, permettant aux objets de vivre plus longtemps que la pile d’activation dans laquelle ils ont été alloués.
Memory-mapped fileA memory-mapped file is a segment of virtual memory that has been assigned a direct byte-for-byte correlation with some portion of a file or file-like resource. This resource is typically a file that is physically present on disk, but can also be a device, shared memory object, or other resource that the operating system can reference through a . Once present, this correlation between the file and the memory space permits applications to treat the mapped portion as if it were primary memory.
