Aging brainAging of the brain is a process of transformation of the brain in older age, including changes all individuals experience and those of illness (including unrecognised illness). Usually this refers to humans. Since life extension is only pertinent if accompanied by health span extension, and, more importantly, by preserving brain health and cognition, finding rejuvenating approaches that act simultaneously in peripheral tissues and in brain function is a key strategy for development of rejuvenating technology.
Maximum life spanMaximum life span (or, for humans, maximum reported age at death) is a measure of the maximum amount of time one or more members of a population have been observed to survive between birth and death. The term can also denote an estimate of the maximum amount of time that a member of a given species could survive between birth and death, provided circumstances that are optimal to that member's longevity. Most living species have an upper limit on the number of times somatic cells not expressing telomerase can divide.
Anti-aging movementThe anti-aging movement is a social movement devoted to eliminating or reversing aging, or reducing the effects of it. A substantial portion of the attention of the movement is on the possibilities for life extension, but there is also interest in techniques such as cosmetic surgery which ameliorate the effects of aging rather than delay or defeat it. There are many scientists of this movement with different approaches.
Timeline of aging researchThis timeline lists notable events in the history of research into senescence or biological aging, including the research and development of life extension methods, brain aging delay methods and rejuvenation. People have long been interested in making their lives longer and healthier. The most anсient Egyptian, Indian and Chinese books contain reasoning about aging. Ancient Egyptians used garlic in large quantities to extend their lifespan.
Prolongation de la durée de vie humaineLa science du prolongement de la durée de vie humaine, parfois aussi appelée médecine anti-âge est l'étude du ralentissement, de l'arrêt ou de l'inversion des processus de vieillissement pour prolonger la durée de vie maximale et moyenne chez l'homme. En 2018, un essai clinique a révélé que des médicaments anti-vieillissement expérimentaux peuvent protéger les personnes âgées contre des infections respiratoires potentiellement mortelles en rajeunissant leur système immunitaire.
Aging-associated diseasesAn aging-associated disease (commonly termed age-related disease, ARD) is a disease that is most often seen with increasing frequency with increasing senescence. They are essentially complications of senescence, distinguished from the aging process itself because all adult animals age (with rare exceptions) but not all adult animals experience all age-associated diseases. The term does not refer to age-specific diseases, such as the childhood diseases chicken pox and measles, only diseases of the elderly.
SénescenceEn biologie, la sénescence (du senex, « vieil homme » ou « grand âge ») est un processus physiologique qui entraîne une lente dégradation des fonctions de la cellule (notion spécifique de sénescence cellulaire) à l'origine du vieillissement des organismes. Par extension, les biologistes parlent de processus de sénescence des organes et des organismes. La relation entre la sénescence cellulaire et le vieillissement de l'organisme est encore mal comprise.
Espérance de vie humainethumb|right|400px|Carte indiquant l' espérance de vie à la naissance dans les États membres de l'ONU en 2007. L'espérance de vie humaine est un des indicateurs statistiques les plus utilisés dans le domaine de la prospective et des projections démographiques, et pour évaluer le niveau de développement et l'indice de développement humain d'un État ou d'une région du monde. Elle permet de quantifier les conditions de mortalité à une année donnée : l'espérance de vie à la naissance est égale à la durée de vie moyenne d'une population fictive qui vivrait toute son existence dans les conditions de mortalité de l'année considérée.
Memory and agingAge-related memory loss, sometimes described as "normal aging" (also spelled "ageing" in British English), is qualitatively different from memory loss associated with types of dementia such as Alzheimer's disease, and is believed to have a different brain mechanism. Mild cognitive impairment Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a condition in which people face memory problems more often than that of the average person their age. These symptoms, however, do not prevent them from carrying out normal activities and are not as severe as the symptoms for Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Human mitochondrial geneticsHuman mitochondrial genetics is the study of the genetics of human mitochondrial DNA (the DNA contained in human mitochondria). The human mitochondrial genome is the entirety of hereditary information contained in human mitochondria. Mitochondria are small structures in cells that generate energy for the cell to use, and are hence referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is not transmitted through nuclear DNA (nDNA). In humans, as in most multicellular organisms, mitochondrial DNA is inherited only from the mother's ovum.
