A palmitoylation cycle dynamically regulates partitioning of the GABA-synthesizing enzyme GAD65 between ER-Golgi and post-Golgi membranes
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Giant unilamellar lipid vesicles (GUVs) are widely used as model membrane systems and provide an excellent basis to construct artificial cells. To construct more sophisticated artificial cells, proteins-in particular membrane proteins-need to be incorporat ...
Tick-borne encephalitis virus is an enveloped, pathogenic, RNA virus in the family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus. Viral particles are formed when the nucleocapsid, consisting of an RNA genome and multiple copies of the capsid protein, buds through the end ...
The characterization of biological interfaces is widely recognized as one of the main challenges for modern biology. In particular, biological membranes are nowadays known to be an active environment that allows membrane proteins to perform their work and ...
Maintenance of cellular proteostasis relies on efficient clearance of defective gene products. For misfolded secretory proteins, this involves dislocation from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) into the cytosol followed by proteasomal degradation. However, po ...
Cells have evolved endocytic pathways to internalize different molecules, to regulate intra-cellular communication and their interaction with external environment. Pathogens have co-evolved with cells to exploit these processes for infections. In particula ...
Glycosphingolipids are important components of the plasma membrane where they modulate the activities of membrane proteins including signalling receptors. Glycosphingolipid synthesis relies on competing reactions catalysed by Golgi-resident enzymes during ...
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is site of synthesis and maturation of membrane and secretory proteins in eukaryotic cells. The ER contains more than 20 members of the Protein Disulfide Isomerase (PDI) family. These enzymes regulate formation, isomerization ...
The plasma membrane is of central importance for defining the closed volume of cells in contradistinction to the extracellular environment. The plasma membrane not only serves as a boundary, but it also mediates the exchange of physical and chemical inform ...
Meticulous observations of the cell perinuclear region where the Golgi and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) networks intermingle have revealed close contact sites of barely 20 nm between these two organelles. Recent studies demonstrate that molecular machine ...
About 40% of the eukaryotic cell's proteins are inserted co- or post-translationally in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where they attain the native structure under the assistance of resident molecular chaperones and folding enzymes. Subsequently, these pr ...
