RING1 proteins contribute to early proximal-distal specification of the forelimb bud by restricting Meis2 expression
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The anterior-posterior axis of the mouse embryo is defined before formation of the primitive streak, and axis specification and subsequent anterior development involves signaling from both embryonic ectoderm and visceral endoderm. Tauhe Wnt signaling pathw ...
Transposition of Hoxd genes to a more posterior (5') location within the HoxD complex suggested that colinearity in the expression of these genes was due, in part, to the existence of a silencing mechanism originating at the 5' end of the cluster and exten ...
At the end of gastrulation in avians and mammals, the endoderm germ layer is an undetermined sheet of cells. Over the next 24-48 h, endoderm forms a primitive tube and becomes regionally specified along the anterior-posterior axis. Fgf4 is expressed in gas ...
Hoxd genes are essential for limb growth and patterning. They are activated following a complex transcriptional regulation, leading to expression domains that are collinear in both space and time. To understand the mechanism(s) underlying collinearity, we ...
The secreted signaling molecule fibroblast growth factor 8 (Fgf8) is an essential component of certain embryonic signaling centers including the mid-hindbrain (isthmic) organizer, the first branchial arch (BA1), and the apical ectodermal ridge (AER). In th ...
The Notch family of receptors is involved in a wide variety of developmental processes, including cell fate specification, cell proliferation, and cell survival decisions during cell differentiation and tissue morphogenesis. Notch1 and Notch ligands are ex ...
Anterior-to-posterior patterning, the process whereby our digits are differently shaped, is a key aspect of limb development. It depends on the localized expression in posterior limb bud of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) and the morphogenetic potential of its diffus ...
The mouse limb deformity (ld) mutations cause limb malformations by disrupting epithelial-mesenchymal signaling between the polarizing region and the apical ectodermal ridge. Formin was proposed as the relevant gene because three of the five ld alleles dis ...
Vertebrate Hoxd genes are essential determinants of limb morphogenesis. In order to understand the genetic control of their complex expression patterns, we have used a combined approach involving interspecies sequence alignments in parallel with transgenic ...
Vertebrate HoxA and HoxD cluster genes are required for proper limb development. However, early lethality, compensation and redundancy have made a full assessment of their function difficult. Here we describe mice that are lacking all Hoxa and Hoxd functio ...
