Child-Robot Spatial Arrangement in a Learning by Teaching Activity

In this paper, we present an experiment in the context of a child-robot interaction where we study the influence of the child-robot spatial arrangement on the child’s focus of attention and the perception of the robot’s performance. In the “Co-Writer learning by teaching” activity, the child teaches a Nao robot how to handwrite. Usually only face-to-face spatial arrangements are tested in educational child robot interactions, but we explored two spatial conditions from Kendon’s F-formation, the side-by-side and the face-to-face formations in a within subject experiment. We estimated the gaze behavior of the child and their consistency in grading the robot with regard to the robot’s progress in writing. Even-though the demonstrations provided by children were not different between the two conditions (i.e. the robot’s learning didn’t differ), the results showed that in the side-by-side condition children tended to be more indulgent with the robot’s mistakes and to give it better feedback. These results highlight the influence of experimental choices in child-robot interaction.

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Wafa Monia Benkaouar Johal, Pierre Dillenbourg, Alexis David Jacq, Ana Paiva
Ieee, 2016
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https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/218789?ln=fr

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Robot

vignette|Atlas (2013), robot androïde de Boston Dynamics vignette|Bras manipulateurs dans un laboratoire (2009) vignette|NAO (2006), robot humanoïde éducatif d'Aldebaran Robotics vignette|DER1 (2005),

Robotique

thumb|upright=1.5|Nao, un robot humanoïde. thumb|upright=1.5|Des robots industriels au travail dans une usine. La robotique est l'ensemble des techniques permettant la conception et la réalisation de

Apprentissage

L’apprentissage est un ensemble de mécanismes menant à l'acquisition de savoir-faire, de savoirs ou de connaissances. L'acteur de l'apprentissage est appelé apprenant. On peut opposer l'apprentissag

Do Children Perceive Whether a Robotic Peer is Learning or Not?

Shruti Chandra, Pierre Dillenbourg, Ana Paiva, Hang Yin

Social robots are being used to create better educational scenarios, thereby fostering children's learning. In the work presented here, we describe an autonomous social robot that was designed to enhance children's handwriting skills. Exploiting the benefits of the learning-by-teaching method, the system provides a scenario in which a child acts as a teacher and corrects the handwriting difficulties of the robotic agent. To explore the children's perception towards this social robot and the effect on their learning, we have conducted a multi-session study with children that compared two contrasting competencies in the robot: 'learning'vs 'non-learning' and presented as two conditions in the study. The results suggest that the children learned more in the learning condition compared with the non-learning condition and their learning gains seem to be affected by their perception of the robot. The results did not lead to any significant differences in the children's perception of the robot in the first two weeks of interaction. However, by the end of the 4th week, the results changed. The children in the learning condition gave significantly higher writing ability and overall performance scores to the robot compared with the non-learning condition. In addition, the change in the robot's learning capabilities did not show to affect their perceived intelligence, likability and friendliness towards it.

ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY2018

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CoWriting Kazakh: Learning a New Script with a Robot

Thibault Lucien Christian Asselborn, Wafa Monia Benkaouar Johal, Pierre Dillenbourg

In the Republic of Kazakhstan, the transition from Cyrillic to Latin alphabet raises challenges to training an entire population in writing the new script. This paper presents a CoWriting Kazakh system, an extension of the existing CoWriter system, aiming to implement an autonomous social robot that would assist children in transition from the old Cyrillic alphabet to a new Latin alphabet. With the aim to investigate which learning strategy yields better learning gains, we conducted an experiment with 67 children, aged 8-11 years old, who interacted with a robot in a CoWriting Kazakh learning scenario. Participants were asked to teach a humanoid NAO robot how to write Kazakh words using one of the scripts, Latin or Cyrillic. We hypothesized that a scenario in which the child is asked to mentally convert the word to Latin would be more effective than having the robot perform conversion itself. Results show that the CoWriter was successfully applied to this new script-switching task. The findings also suggest interesting gender differences in the preferred method of learning with the robot.

Association for Computing Machinery2020

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Children Teach Handwriting to a Social Robot with Different Learning Competencies

Shruti Chandra, Pierre Dillenbourg, Ana Paiva

As robots are entering into educational fields to enhance children's learning, it becomes relevant to explore different methods of learning in the area of child-robot interaction. In this article, we present an autonomous educational system incorporating a social robot to enhance children's handwriting skills. The system provides a one-to-one learning scenario based on thelearning-by-teachingapproach where a tutor-child assess the handwriting skills of a learner-robot. The robot's writing was generated by an algorithm incorporating human-inspired movements and could reproduce a set of writing errors. We tested the system by conducting two multi-session studies. In the first study, we assigned the robot two contrasting competencies: 'learning' and 'non-learning'. We measured the differences in children's learning gains and changes in their perceptions of the learner-robot. The second study followed a similar interaction scenario and research questions, but this time the robot performed three learning competencies: 'continuous-learning'; 'non-learning' and 'personalised-learning'. The findings of these studies show that the children learnt with the robot that exhibits learning competency and children's learning and perceptions of the robot changed as interactions unfold, confirming the need for longitudinal studies. This research supports that the contrasting learning competencies of social robots can impact children's learning differently in peer-learning scenarios.

SPRINGER2020

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