Expérience de Milgram

Résumé

thumb|Reconstitution de l'expérience de Milgram (extrait).thumb|200px|L’expérimentateur (E) amène le sujet (S) à infliger des chocs électriques à un autre participant, l’apprenant (A), qui est en fait un acteur. La majorité des participants continuent à infliger les prétendus chocs jusqu'au maximum prévu () en dépit des plaintes de l'acteur. L’expérience de Milgram est une expérience de psychologie publiée en 1963 par le psychologue américain Stanley Milgram. Cette expérience évalue le degré d'obéissance d'un habitant des États-Unis du tout début des années 1960 devant une autorité qu'il juge légitime et permet d'analyser le processus de soumission à l'autorité, notamment quand elle induit des actions posant des problèmes de conscience au sujet. L'expérience a suscité de nombreux commentaires dans l’opinion publique, ainsi que dans le milieu de la psychologie et de la philosophie des sciences, et a inspiré de nombreuses œuvres de fiction ou de télévision. Déroulement de l'expé

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https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exp%C3%A9rience_de_Milgram

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The field of neuroscience is witnessing a huge influx of experimental data thanks to the improvements in the data acquisition tools and techniques. Most of this data is being collected by thousands of experimenters located in various institutions around the world. There is also a growing interest in using this experimental data for building biologically realistic computational models of the neuronal systems. One such project i.e. the Blue Brain Project is developing a bottom-up neuronal modeling and simulation framework using experimental data collected at laboratories worldwide. However, to use the experimental data effectively in computational neuroscience research, the data needs to be annotated with metadata such as details of the experimental protocols and conditions, animal subject used etc. Most of the platforms for experimental neuroscience data management operate under the assumption that the primary data has been validated, and properly annotated before it is uploaded to the system. Thus putting the responsibility of validating, and annotating the experimental data with the experimenter conducting the study. Consequently, most experimenters maintain their own data using ad-hoc systems with non-standard metadata schemes; and only upload the final set of data to the data management platform. As a result, the metadata is usually incomplete, and does not always comply with the requirements of the data management platform, negatively impacting the reusability of their data. The current thesis work explored the question of the experimental data management within the context of the Blue Brain Project, and designs a data management pipeline catering for the acquisition, annotation and validation of the experimental data and associated metadata, in order to ensure that the data is usable for the computational modeling purposes. The pipeline enforces a data review process whereby incoming experimental data was made to go through a series of steps, analogous to the scientific review process, systematically improving the quality of the experimental data and associated metadata.

EPFL2011

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In this paper we describe the technical design of an ongoing proof-of-principle echo-enabled harmonic generation (EEHG) experiment at the Next Linear Collider Test Accelerator (NLCTA) at SLAC.We present the design considerations and the technical details of the experiment.

2010

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Demonstration of the echo-enabled harmonic generation technique for short-wavelength seeded free electron lasers

Pierre-Louis Pernet

We report the first experimental demonstration of the echo-enabled harmonic generation technique, which holds great promise for generation of high-power, fully coherent short-wavelength radiation. In this experiment, coherent radiation at the 3rd and 4th harmonics of the second seed laser is generated from the so-called beam echo effect. The experiment confirms the physics behind this technique and paves the way for applying the echo-enabled harmonic generation technique for seeded x-ray free electron lasers. © 2010 The American Physical Society.

2010

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EPFL2011