Solvent effects in catalysis: rational improvements of catalysts via manipulation of solvent interactions
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Carbon-carbon bond forming reactions are among the most important and useful methods for organic synthesis. During the last years, significant progress has been made in this field. Whereas many catalysts were developed for the coupling of aryl, alkenyl, an ...
A highly efficient iron-catalyzed production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) from sugar is reported. The dehydration of fructose and sucrose has been studied in the presence of different iron salts and co-catalysts. As a result, it was found that fructose ...
Atom-transfer radical addition (ATRA) reactions of ethyl trichloroacetate, dichloromalononitrile, or diethyl 2,2-dichloromalonate with olefins followed by dechlorination have provided functionalized cyclopropanes in one step. The RuIII complex [Cp*RuCl2(PP ...
A series of hydrophilic N,N-dimethylpyrrolidinium-and N,N-dimethylpiperidinium-based ionic liquids (ILs) have been prepared and applied as reaction media in the Wacker oxidation of styrene by hydrogen peroxide using PdCl2 as the catalyst. The efficiency of ...
Enantioselective rhodium(I)-catalyzed reactions of tert-cyclobutanols, e.g. I, lead to indanones with quaternary stereogenic centers, e.g. II, via consecutive C-C/C-H/C-C bond activations. ...
A simple and straightforward method has been developed for the direct carboxylation of aromatic heterocylces such as oxazoles, thiazoles, and oxadiazoles using CO2 as the C1 source. The reactions require no metal catalyst and only Cs2CO3 as the base. A goo ...
Mono-N-arylation of benzamidines 1 with aryl boronic acids 2 was effectively achieved in the presence of a catalytic amount of Cu(OAc)2 and NaOPiv under mild aerobic conditions. Combining this step with an intramolecular direct CH bond functionalization, c ...
The hydrogenation of phenylacetone to cyclohexylacetone, in which the aromatic ring is selectively reduced in preference to the carbonyl group, has been achieved with chemoselectivities exceeding 90%. The catalyst (precatalyst) used to achieve this transfo ...
A new catalytic procedure for atom-transfer radical addition (ATRA) and cyclization (ATRC) reactions is described. The combination of the ruthenium(III) complex [RuCl2Cp*(PPh3)] with magnesium allows these reactions to be performed under mild conditions wi ...
Parahydrogen-induced polarization was observed in the gas phase heterogeneous hydrogenation of propyne catalyzed by Pd-0 nanoparticles embedded in an ionic liquid phase supported on activated carbon fibers (Pd-0/SILP/ACF). The results were markedly differe ...