Mobile robotA mobile robot is an automatic machine that is capable of locomotion. Mobile robotics is usually considered to be a subfield of robotics and information engineering. Mobile robots have the capability to move around in their environment and are not fixed to one physical location. Mobile robots can be "autonomous" (AMR - autonomous mobile robot) which means they are capable of navigating an uncontrolled environment without the need for physical or electro-mechanical guidance devices.
Appareil photographique plénoptiqueUn appareil photographique plénoptique est un appareil photographique numérique qui utilise une matrice de micro-objectifs captant l'information de profondeur du champ lumineux, composée de l'intensité lumineuse d'une scène comme sur un appareil classique, mais aussi la direction d'arrivée des rayons lumineux. Ceci permet en particulier de faire la mise au point par post-traitement. En 2007, Adobe présentait quelques axes de recherches sur les appareils plénoptiques notamment en optique.
Homography (computer vision)In the field of computer vision, any two images of the same planar surface in space are related by a homography (assuming a pinhole camera model). This has many practical applications, such as , , or camera motion—rotation and translation—between two images. Once camera resectioning has been done from an estimated homography matrix, this information may be used for navigation, or to insert models of 3D objects into an image or video, so that they are rendered with the correct perspective and appear to have been part of the original scene (see Augmented reality).
Computational photographyComputational photography refers to digital image capture and processing techniques that use digital computation instead of optical processes. Computational photography can improve the capabilities of a camera, or introduce features that were not possible at all with film based photography, or reduce the cost or size of camera elements. Examples of computational photography include in-camera computation of digital panoramas, high-dynamic-range images, and light field cameras.
TransluminescenceSubsurface scattering (SSS), also known as subsurface light transport (SSLT), is a mechanism of light transport in which light that penetrates the surface of a translucent object is scattered by interacting with the material and exits the surface at a different point. The light will generally penetrate the surface and be reflected a number of times at irregular angles inside the material before passing back out of the material at a different angle than it would have had if it had been reflected directly off the surface.
Strabismethumb|upright=0.8|Strabisme convergent chez un chat. Le strabisme, (du grec grc ; cf. grc « loucher », grc « louche ») ou syndrome de strabisme pour les scientifiques est un défaut de parallélisme des axes visuels. C’est un syndrome neurosensoriel complexe. Le strabisme perturbe la correspondance sensorielle et motrice des deux yeux. On notera que dans le langage courant, le terme « loucher » s'applique à un défaut de parallélisme convergent. Les strabismes sont nommés en fonction du sens de la déviation des axes visuels : convergents, divergents ou verticaux.
Burroughs Large SystemsThe Burroughs Large Systems Group produced a family of large 48-bit mainframes using stack machine instruction sets with dense syllables. The first machine in the family was the B5000 in 1961, which was optimized for compiling ALGOL 60 programs extremely well, using single-pass compilers. The B5000 evolved into the B5500 (disk rather than drum) and the B5700 (up to four systems running as a cluster). Subsequent major redesigns include the B6500/B6700 line and its successors, as well as the separate B8500 line.
Méthode de la chaîne critiqueEn gestion de projet, la méthode de la chaîne critique (de l'anglais critical chain project management – CCPM) fait partie de la théorie des contraintes développée par Eliyahu M. Goldratt. La gestion de projet habituelle utilise la méthode du « chemin critique », résultat du réseau, construit à partir des tâches, de leur durée, et de leurs interdépendances. Mais cette méthode ne tient pas compte de (1) la limitation des ressources et de (2) ce que certaines ressources doivent effectuer des tâches sur des chemins parallèles, donc concurrentes; ce chemin critique n’est ni réaliste, ni facile à respecter.
Reflection (computer graphics)Reflection in computer graphics is used to render reflective objects like mirrors and shiny surfaces. Accurate reflections are commonly computed using ray tracing whereas approximate reflections can usually be computed faster by using simpler methods such as environment mapping. Reflections on shiny surfaces like wood or tile can add to the photorealistic effects of a 3D rendering. For rendering environment reflections there exist many techniques that differ in precision, computational and implementation complexity.
