High energy density MnO4– / MnO42– redox couple for alkaline redox flow batteries

The MnO4–/MnO42– redox couple has a positive redox potential, high electrochemical reversibility and high solubility, up to 3.62 M at room temperature. Careful optimization of the electrolyte composition and the potential limits eliminates the side reactions, making this redox couple an attractive option for alkaline redox flow batteries.