Ideal latticeIn discrete mathematics, ideal lattices are a special class of lattices and a generalization of cyclic lattices. Ideal lattices naturally occur in many parts of number theory, but also in other areas. In particular, they have a significant place in cryptography. Micciancio defined a generalization of cyclic lattices as ideal lattices. They can be used in cryptosystems to decrease by a square root the number of parameters necessary to describe a lattice, making them more efficient.
Amphétamine (classe)La classe des amphétamines comporte les substances psychotropes dérivées de la structure de l'amphétamine. Elles peuvent exercer des effets anorexigènes, psychédéliques, stimulants, ou encore plusieurs de ces effets à la fois. La première synthèse d'amphétamines fut réalisée en 1887 à l'université de Berlin par le chimiste roumain , celui-ci leur donna le nom de phénylisopropylamine mais cette découverte tomba dans l'oubli.
Substituted tryptamineSubstituted tryptamines, or serotonin analogues, are organic compounds which may be thought of as being derived from tryptamine itself. The molecular structures of all tryptamines contain an indole ring, joined to an amino (NH2) group via an ethyl (−CH2–CH2−) sidechain. In substituted tryptamines, the indole ring, sidechain, and/or amino group are modified by substituting another group for one of the hydrogen (H) atoms. Well-known tryptamines include serotonin, an important neurotransmitter, and melatonin, a hormone involved in regulating the sleep-wake cycle.
Ring learning with errors key exchangeIn cryptography, a public key exchange algorithm is a cryptographic algorithm which allows two parties to create and share a secret key, which they can use to encrypt messages between themselves. The ring learning with errors key exchange (RLWE-KEX) is one of a new class of public key exchange algorithms that are designed to be secure against an adversary that possesses a quantum computer. This is important because some public key algorithms in use today will be easily broken by a quantum computer if such computers are implemented.
Apprentissage avec erreursL'apprentissage avec erreurs, souvent abrégé LWE (acronyme de l'anglais Learning With Errors), est un problème calculatoire supposé difficile. Il est au cœur de nombreux cryptosystèmes récents et constitue l'une des principales pistes de recherche pour le développement de la cryptographie post-quantique. L'introduction de ce problème par Oded Regev dans la communauté informatique, et ses travaux sur ce sujet, lui ont valu de recevoir le prix Gödel en 2018.
