OvogonieAn oogonium (: oogonia) is a small diploid cell which, upon maturation, forms a primordial follicle in a female fetus or the female (haploid or diploid) gametangium of certain thallophytes. Oogenesis Oogonia are formed in large numbers by mitosis early in fetal development from primordial germ cells. In humans they start to develop between weeks 4 and 8 and are present in the fetus between weeks 5 and 30. Normal oogonia in human ovaries are spherical or ovoid in shape and are found amongst neighboring somatic cells and oocytes at different phases of development.
Extra-pair copulationExtra-pair copulation (EPC) is a mating behaviour in monogamous species. Monogamy is the practice of having only one sexual partner at any one time, forming a long-term bond and combining efforts to raise offspring together; mating outside this pairing is extra-pair copulation. Across the animal kingdom, extra-pair copulation is common in monogamous species, and only a very few pair-bonded species are thought to be exclusively sexually monogamous. EPC in the animal kingdom has mostly been studied in birds and mammals.
Amniotavignette|400px|Cladogramme des amniotes. Les amniotes (Amniota) sont un clade de tétrapodes qui ont la particularité de disposer d'un sac amniotique, protégeant l'embryon ou le fœtus. Il y a environ d'années, les ancêtres de tous les vertébrés terrestres ont commencé à sortir de l'eau.
InfidelityInfidelity (synonyms include cheating, straying, adultery, being unfaithful, two-timing, or having an affair) is a violation of a couple's emotional and/or sexual exclusivity that commonly results in feelings of anger, sexual jealousy, and rivalry. What constitutes infidelity depends on expectations within the relationship. In marital relationships, exclusivity is commonly assumed. Infidelity can cause psychological damage, including feelings of rage and betrayal, low sexual and personal confidence, and even post-traumatic stress disorder.
Théorie du handicapvignette|Les ornements des nervures du lierre sont un signal « honnête » et aposématique, avertissant les herbivores de la toxicité de la plante. La théorie du handicap, principe du handicap ou théorie du signalement fiable est une hypothèse d'évolution biologique formulée à l'origine par le biologiste Amotz Zahavi en 1975 pour expliquer comment l'évolution a développé des solutions permettant aux animaux d'émettre des signaux « honnêtes » et dignes de confiance entre individus qui auraient tout intérêt au contraire à se tromper mutuellement.
Coach sportifdroite|vignette|250x250px|Photo illustrant le travail pédagogique de la coach dans l'utilisation d'un Bosu balance. Un coach sportif ou entraîneur personnel est un professionnel chargé d'assister des personnes dans leur entraînement physique. Il motive ses élèves et les aide à se fixer des objectifs en leur apportant son expertise sur la faisabilité. Les coaches évaluent les points forts et les faiblesses de leurs élèves ainsi que leur forme physique.
IchthyoplanktonIchthyoplankton (from Greek: ἰχθύς, , "fish"; and πλαγκτός, , "drifter") are the eggs and larvae of fish. They are mostly found in the sunlit zone of the water column, less than 200 metres deep, which is sometimes called the epipelagic or photic zone. Ichthyoplankton are planktonic, meaning they cannot swim effectively under their own power, but must drift with the ocean currents. Fish eggs cannot swim at all, and are unambiguously planktonic. Early stage larvae swim poorly, but later stage larvae swim better and cease to be planktonic as they grow into juveniles.
