Ingres (base de données)Ingres ou Actian est un système de gestion de base de données (SGBD) relationnel. Ingres signifie : INtelligent Graphic RElational System. Son concepteur, Michael Stonebraker, décida de recommencer le développement à partir de zéro en 1985, mais en continuant à développer les idées d’Ingres. Il se lança dans un projet post-Ingres, qui fut d'abord nommé Postgres, puis, à partir de 1995, PostgreSQL. Détenu entre 1994 et 2005 par Computer Associates, et revendu depuis à un fonds d'investissement, Ingres est devenu un logiciel libre en 2004 ; sa licence est depuis lors la licence publique générale GNU.
Privacy concerns with social networking servicesSince the arrival of early social networking sites in the early 2000s, online social networking platforms have expanded exponentially, with the biggest names in social media in the mid-2010s being Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and Snapchat. The massive influx of personal information that has become available online and stored in the cloud has put user privacy at the forefront of discussion regarding the database's ability to safely store such personal information.
Ring learning with errorsIn post-quantum cryptography, ring learning with errors (RLWE) is a computational problem which serves as the foundation of new cryptographic algorithms, such as NewHope, designed to protect against cryptanalysis by quantum computers and also to provide the basis for homomorphic encryption. Public-key cryptography relies on construction of mathematical problems that are believed to be hard to solve if no further information is available, but are easy to solve if some information used in the problem construction is known.
Fair usage policyA data cap, often erroneously referred to as a bandwidth cap, is an artificial restriction imposed on the transfer of data over a network. In particular, it refers to policies imposed by an internet service provider in order to limit customers' usage of their services; typically, exceeding a data cap would require the subscriber to pay additional fees based on whether they have exceeded this limit. Implementation of a data cap is sometimes termed a fair access policy, fair usage policy, or usage-based billing by ISPs.
Data re-identificationData re-identification or de-anonymization is the practice of matching anonymous data (also known as de-identified data) with publicly available information, or auxiliary data, in order to discover the person the data belong to. This is a concern because companies with privacy policies, health care providers, and financial institutions may release the data they collect after the data has gone through the de-identification process.
Cryptoprocesseur sécuriséUn cryptoprocesseur sécurisé est un processeur optimisé pour les tâches de cryptographie (exponentiation modulaire, chiffrement DES, etc.) incorporé avec de multiples mesures de sécurité physique, ce qui lui confère une certaine résistance à l'effraction. Contrairement aux processeurs cryptographiques qui émettent des données décryptées sur un bus dans un environnement sécurisé, un cryptoprocesseur sécurisé ne produit pas de données décryptées ou d'instructions de programme décryptées dans un environnement où la sécurité ne peut pas toujours être maintenue.
