Bioengineering strategies for inducing tolerance in autoimmune diabetes
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MHC-class II genes determine susceptibility in human type-1 diabetes. In their context, presentation of target antigen(s) results in autoimmunity and b-cell destruction. An animal model, in which human b-cell autoantigen(s) are presented to effector cells ...
GLUT2-null mice are hyperglycemic, hypoinsulinemic, hyperglucagonemic, and glycosuric and die within the first 3 weeks of life. Their endocrine pancreas shows a loss of first phase glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) and inverse alpha to beta cell ...
Aims/hypothesis Structural and functional imaging of the islets of Langerhans and the insulin-secreting beta cells represents a significant challenge and a long-lasting objective in diabetes research. In vivo microscopy offers a valuable insight into beta ...
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: We examined a clinical model of ex vivo transdifferentiation of primary adult hepatocytes to insulin-secreting cells for the treatment of type 1 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Isolated rat hepatocytes were transduced in primary culture w ...
Aims/hypothesis. Glima 38 is an N-glycated neuroendocrine membrane protein of Mr 38 000, which is recognised by autoantibodies in approximately 20% of patients with Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to characterise the ...
We have generated novel lentiviral vectors to integrate various connexin cDNAs into primary, non-dividing cells. We have used these vectors to test whether proper control of insulin secretion depends on a specific connexin isoform and/or on its level of ex ...
Although expressed at very low levels in islets of NOD mice, GAD65 is a candidate islet autoantigen. Two transgenic lines of NOD/Lt mice expressing high levels of human GAD65 from a rat insulin promoter were generated. Transgenes were integrated on proxima ...
Autoimmune diabetes mellitus in humans is characterized by immunological destruction of pancreatic beta islet cells. We investigated the circumstances under which CD8(+) T cells specific for pancreatic beta-islet antigens induce disease in mice expressing ...
Administration of autoantigens through DNA immunizations or via the oral route can prevent progression of islet destruction and lower the incidence of type 1 diabetes in animal models. This beneficial effect is mediated by autoreactive regulatory CD4 lymph ...
The GABA-synthesizing enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is expressed in pancreatic beta-cells and GABA has been suggested to play a role in islet cell development and function. Mouse beta-cells predominantly express the larger isoform of the enzyme, ...
