Agent intelligentEn intelligence artificielle, un agent intelligent (AI) est une entité autonome capable de percevoir son environnement grâce à des capteurs et aussi d'agir sur celui-ci via des effecteurs afin de réaliser des objectifs. Un agent intelligent peut également apprendre ou utiliser des connaissances pour pouvoir réaliser ses objectifs. Ils peuvent être simples ou complexes. Par exemple, un simple système réactif, comme le thermostat est considéré comme étant un agent intelligent.
Commande optimaleLa théorie de la commande optimale permet de déterminer la commande d'un système qui minimise (ou maximise) un critère de performance, éventuellement sous des contraintes pouvant porter sur la commande ou sur l'état du système. Cette théorie est une généralisation du calcul des variations. Elle comporte deux volets : le principe du maximum (ou du minimum, suivant la manière dont on définit l'hamiltonien) dû à Lev Pontriaguine et à ses collaborateurs de l'institut de mathématiques Steklov , et l'équation de Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman, généralisation de l'équation de Hamilton-Jacobi, et conséquence directe de la programmation dynamique initiée aux États-Unis par Richard Bellman.
Expression (mathématiques)In mathematics, an expression or mathematical expression is a finite combination of symbols that is well-formed according to rules that depend on the context. Mathematical symbols can designate numbers (constants), variables, operations, functions, brackets, punctuation, and grouping to help determine order of operations and other aspects of logical syntax. Many authors distinguish an expression from a formula, the former denoting a mathematical object, and the latter denoting a statement about mathematical objects.
ApprentissageL’apprentissage est un ensemble de mécanismes menant à l'acquisition de savoir-faire, de savoirs ou de connaissances. L'acteur de l'apprentissage est appelé apprenant. On peut opposer l'apprentissage à l'enseignement dont le but est de dispenser des connaissances et savoirs, l'acteur de l'enseignement étant l'enseignant.
Réseau socialEn sciences humaines et sociales, l'expression réseau social désigne un agencement de liens entre des individus ou des organisations, constituant un groupement qui a un sens : la famille, les collègues, un groupe d'amis, une communauté, etc. L'anthropologue australien John Arundel Barnes a introduit l'expression en 1954. L'analyse des réseaux sociaux est devenue une spécialité universitaire dans le champ de la sociologie, se fondant sur la théorie des réseaux et l'usage des graphes.
Algebraic expressionIn mathematics, an algebraic expression is an expression built up from constant algebraic numbers, variables, and the algebraic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and exponentiation by an exponent that is a rational number). For example, 3x2 − 2xy + c is an algebraic expression. Since taking the square root is the same as raising to the power 1/2, the following is also an algebraic expression: An algebraic equation is an equation involving only algebraic expressions.
Communication designCommunication design is a mixed discipline between design and information-development which is concerned with how media communicate with people. A communication design approach is not only concerned with developing the message in addition to the aesthetics in media, but also with creating new media channels to ensure the message reaches the target audience. Some designers use graphic design and communication design interchangeably due to overlapping skills.
Normative social influenceNormative social influence is a type of social influence that leads to conformity. It is defined in social psychology as "...the influence of other people that leads us to conform in order to be liked and accepted by them." The power of normative social influence stems from the human identity as a social being, with a need for companionship and association. Normative social influence involves a change in behaviour that is deemed necessary in order to fit in a particular group.
Experiential learningExperiential learning (ExL) is the process of learning through experience, and is more narrowly defined as "learning through reflection on doing". Hands-on learning can be a form of experiential learning, but does not necessarily involve students reflecting on their product. Experiential learning is distinct from rote or didactic learning, in which the learner plays a comparatively passive role. It is related to, but not synonymous with, other forms of active learning such as action learning, adventure learning, free-choice learning, cooperative learning, service-learning, and situated learning.
User interface designUser interface (UI) design or user interface engineering is the design of user interfaces for machines and software, such as computers, home appliances, mobile devices, and other electronic devices, with the focus on maximizing usability and the user experience. In computer or software design, user interface (UI) design primarily focuses on information architecture. It is the process of building interfaces that clearly communicates to the user what's important. UI design refers to graphical user interfaces and other forms of interface design.
