Recognition memoryRecognition memory, a subcategory of declarative memory, is the ability to recognize previously encountered events, objects, or people. When the previously experienced event is reexperienced, this environmental content is matched to stored memory representations, eliciting matching signals. As first established by psychology experiments in the 1970s, recognition memory for pictures is quite remarkable: humans can remember thousands of images at high accuracy after seeing each only once and only for a few seconds.
Attention (machine learning)Machine learning-based attention is a mechanism mimicking cognitive attention. It calculates "soft" weights for each word, more precisely for its embedding, in the context window. It can do it either in parallel (such as in transformers) or sequentially (such as recursive neural networks). "Soft" weights can change during each runtime, in contrast to "hard" weights, which are (pre-)trained and fine-tuned and remain frozen afterwards. Multiple attention heads are used in transformer-based large language models.
Prosodie (linguistique)En linguistique, le terme prosodie (du latin prosodia, à son tour du grec ancien prosōidía « chant pour accompagner la lyre ; variation de hauteur de la voix »), tel qu’il est entendu en français, dénomme la branche de la phonétique et de la phonologie qui étudie ce qu’on appelle les « traits prosodiques » de la langue, nommés aussi « traits suprasegmentaux ». Ce sont principalement l’accent, le ton, l’intonation, la jointure, la pause, le rythme, le tempo et le débit. Le terme français a plusieurs correspondants en anglais.
Neuroscience of free willNeuroscience of free will, a part of neurophilosophy, is the study of topics related to free will (volition and sense of agency) using neuroscience and the analysis of how findings from such studies may impact the free will debate. As it has become possible to study the living human brain, researchers have begun to observe decision-making processes. Studies have revealed unexpected things about human agency, moral responsibility, and consciousness in general.
