Effects of climate change on small island countriesThe effect of climate change on small island countries can be extreme because of low-lying coasts, relatively small land masses, and exposure to extreme weather. The effects of climate change, particularly sea level rise and increasingly intense tropical cyclones, threaten the existence of many island countries, island peoples and their cultures, and will alter their ecosystems and natural environments. Several Small Island Developing States (SIDS) are among the most vulnerable nations to climate change.
National Weather ServiceLe National Weather Service (NWS ; « Service météorologique national ») est le service météorologique des États-Unis. C'est un des six services scientifiques qui composent le National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), l'agence gouvernementale chargée de la recherche et la surveillance de l'atmosphère et des océans sur tout le territoire américain. Le NWS est plus spécifiquement chargé de la recherche sur les phénomènes atmosphériques, la prévision du temps, les études climatologiques et hydrologiques.
Refroidissement globallien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Global_Cooling_Map.png/220px-Global_Cooling_Map.png|droite|vignette| Anomalies de température moyenne durant la période de 1965 à 1975 par rapport aux températures moyennes de 1937 à 1946. Cet ensemble de données n'était pas disponible à l'époque. lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/PeerReviewedPapersComparingGlobalWarmingAndCoolingIn1970s.jpg/220px-PeerReviewedPapersComparingGlobalWarmingAndCoolingIn1970s.
Température d'équilibre à la surface d'une planèteLa température d'équilibre à la surface d'une planète est la température théorique d'une planète considérée comme un corps noir dont la seule source de chaleur est son étoile parente. Dans ce modèle, la présence ou l'absence d'une atmosphère (et donc de tout effet de serre) n'est pas considérée et l'on traite la température théorique de corps noir comme si elle venait d'une surface idéalisée de la planète. Certains auteurs utilisent d'autres termes, tels température équivalente de corps noir d'une planète ou température de radiation d'émission effective d'une planète.
Deforestation and climate changeDeforestation is a primary contributor to climate change, and climate change affects forests. Land use changes, especially in the form of deforestation, are the second largest anthropogenic source of atmospheric carbon dioxide emissions, after fossil fuel combustion. Greenhouse gases are emitted during combustion of forest biomass and decomposition of remaining plant material and soil carbon. Global models and national greenhouse gas inventories give similar results for deforestation emissions.
Climate crisisClimate crisis is a term describing global warming and climate change, and their impacts. This term and the term climate emergency have been used to describe the threat of global warming to humanity and the planet, and to urge aggressive climate change mitigation. In the scientific journal BioScience, a January 2020 article, endorsed by over 11,000 scientists worldwide, stated that "the climate crisis has arrived" and that an "immense increase of scale in endeavors to conserve our biosphere is needed to avoid untold suffering due to the climate crisis.
Diurnal air temperature variationIn meteorology, diurnal temperature variation is the variation between a high air temperature and a low temperature that occurs during the same day. Temperature lag, also known as thermal inertia, is an important factor in diurnal temperature variation. Peak daily temperature generally occurs after noon, as air keeps absorbing net heat for some period of time after noon. Similarly minimum daily temperature generally occurs substantially after midnight, indeed occurring during early morning in the hour around dawn, since heat is lost all night long.
Cultural globalizationCultural globalisation refers to the transmission of ideas, meanings and values around the world in such a way as to extend and intensify social relations. This process is marked by the common consumption of cultures that have been diffused by the Internet, popular culture media, and international travel. This has added to processes of commodity exchange and colonization which have a longer history of carrying cultural meaning around the globe.
