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One of the most striking quantum effects in an interacting Bose gas at low temperature is superfluidity. First observed in liquid 4He, this phenomenon has been intensively studied in a variety of systems for its remarkable features such as the persistence ...
The ab-plane optical reflectance of single crystal of Bi2Sr2Ca(Cu1-xNix)(2)O8+d, for x = 0.0215, has been measured from 80 to 40 000 cm(-l) (10 meV-5 eV) and at temperatures between 20 and 300 K. Through Ni substitution, the optical conductivity shows a br ...
Superfluidity, the ability of a quantum fluid to flow without friction, is one of the most spectacular phenomena occurring in degenerate gases of interacting bosons. Since its first discovery in liquid helium-4 (refs 1, 2), superfluidity has been observed ...
In clean metallic superconductors, 100% of the mobile carriers participate ill the condensate, so that the London penetration depth (which measures the electromagnetic screening by the superconductor) indicates charge densities comparable to those inferred ...
As carriers are introduced into the cuprates (by doping the insulating "parent" compounds) spectral weight appears in the optical spectrum at photon energies below the charge-transfer gap. This spectral weight increases as the doping level increases. Magne ...