Valeur propre, vecteur propre et espace propreEn mathématiques, et plus particulièrement en algèbre linéaire, le concept de vecteur propre est une notion algébrique s'appliquant à une application linéaire d'un espace dans lui-même. Il correspond à l'étude des axes privilégiés, selon lesquels l'application se comporte comme une dilatation, multipliant les vecteurs par une même constante. Ce rapport de dilatation est appelé valeur propre, les vecteurs auxquels il s'applique s'appellent vecteurs propres, réunis en un espace propre.
Gaussian eliminationIn mathematics, Gaussian elimination, also known as row reduction, is an algorithm for solving systems of linear equations. It consists of a sequence of operations performed on the corresponding matrix of coefficients. This method can also be used to compute the rank of a matrix, the determinant of a square matrix, and the inverse of an invertible matrix. The method is named after Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777–1855).
Refusal of workRefusal of work is behavior in which a person refuses regular employment. As actual behavior, with or without a political or philosophical program, it has been practiced by various subcultures and individuals. It is frequently engaged in by those who critique the concept of work, and it has a long history. Radical political positions have openly advocated refusal of work. From within Marxism it has been advocated by Paul Lafargue and the Italian workerist/autonomists (e.g. Antonio Negri, Mario Tronti), the French ultra-left (e.
