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Adaptation of Human Enterovirus to Warm Environments Leads to Resistance against Chlorine Disinfection

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On-site sanitation technologies such as septic tanks are widely used in low- and middle-income countries. A comprehensive management of the accumulating faecal sludge (FS) is however missing in most contexts and uncontrolled disposal of FS results in serio ...

2015

On the cause of the tailing phenomenon during virus disinfection by chlorine dioxide

Tamar Kohn, Qingxia Zhong, Anne Thérèse Sigstam, Moritz Brennecke, Andreas Rohatschek

This study investigates the mechanisms underlying the deviation from Chick-Watson kinetics, namely a tailing curve, during the disinfection of viruses by chlorine dioxide (ClO2). Tailing has been previously reported, but is typically attributed to the deca ...

Elsevier2014

Comparison of a novel extraction-based colorimetric (ABTS) method with membrane introduction mass spectrometry (MIMS): Trichloramine dynamics in pool water

Urs von Gunten, Silvio Canonica

Trichloramine is a hazardous disinfection by-product, which is present in chlorinated swimming pools. Although it is primarily taken up by inhalation, the concentration in pool water is important to monitor pool water quality and to assess trichloramine mi ...

Elsevier2014

Virus Inactivation during Water Treatment

Michael Jon Mattle

Virus removal and inactivation is still a major challenge for water treatment facilities in both industrialised nations and developing countries. This may seem surprising as chlorine disinfection started to spread broadly over a century ago. However, many ...

EPFL2013

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Viral disinfection kinetics have been studied in depth, but the molecular-level inactivation mechanisms are not understood. Consequently, it is difficult to predict the disinfection behavior of non-culturable viruses, even when related, culturable viruses ...

American Society for Microbiology2013

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Human adenoviruses (HAdV) are important pathogens in both industrialized and developing nations. HAdV has been shown to be relatively resistant to monochromatic UVC. Polychromatic UVC, in contrast, is a more effective means of disinfection, presumably due ...

American Society for Microbiology2013

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The presence of potentially persistent and bioactive human metabolites in surface waters gives rise to concern; yet little is known to date about the environmental fate of these compounds. This work investigates the direct photolysis of human metabolites o ...

Amer Chemical Soc2013

Virus inactivation mechanisms: impact of disinfectants on virus function and structural integrity

Tamar Kohn, Krista Rule Wigginton, Brian Pecson, Anne Thérèse Sigstam, Franziska Sara Bosshard

Oxidative processes are often harnessed as tools for pathogen disinfection. Although the pathways responsible for bacterial inactivation with various biocides are fairly well understood, virus inactivation mechanisms are often contradictory or equivocal. I ...

Amer Chemical Soc2012

Drinking waters are treated for enteric virus via a number of disinfection techniques including chemical oxidants, irradiation, and heat, however the inactivation mechanisms during disinfection remain elusive. Due to the fact that a number of significant w ...

Elsevier Sci Ltd2012

Virus Inactivation by Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Fenton-like Processes

Jessica Ivana Nieto Juarez

Human enteric viruses in water sources cause a great public health risk. Conventional disinfection treatments are not able to completely inactive viruses. However, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have recently been shown to effectively inactivate patho ...

EPFL2012