Angular momentum of lightThe angular momentum of light is a vector quantity that expresses the amount of dynamical rotation present in the electromagnetic field of the light. While traveling approximately in a straight line, a beam of light can also be rotating (or "spinning, or "twisting) around its own axis. This rotation, while not visible to the naked eye, can be revealed by the interaction of the light beam with matter. There are two distinct forms of rotation of a light beam, one involving its polarization and the other its wavefront shape.
Optical wireless communicationsOptical wireless communications (OWC) is a form of optical communication in which unguided visible, infrared (IR), or ultraviolet (UV) light is used to carry a signal. It is generally used in short-range communication. OWC systems operating in the visible band (390–750 nm) are commonly referred to as visible light communication (VLC). VLC systems take advantage of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) which can be pulsed at very high speeds without a noticeable effect on the lighting output and human eye.
Peigne de Diracvignette|La distribution peigne de Dirac est une série infinie de distributions de Dirac espacées de T.|208x208pxEn mathématiques, la distribution peigne de Dirac, ou distribution cha (d'après la lettre cyrillique Ш), est une somme de distributions de Dirac espacées de T : Cette distribution périodique est particulièrement utile dans les problèmes d'échantillonnage, remplacement d'une fonction continue par une suite de valeurs de la fonction séparées par un pas de temps T (voir Théorème d'échantillonnage de Nyquist-Shannon).
Ringing artifactsIn signal processing, particularly , ringing artifacts are artifacts that appear as spurious signals near sharp transitions in a signal. Visually, they appear as bands or "ghosts" near edges; audibly, they appear as "echos" near transients, particularly sounds from percussion instruments; most noticeable are the pre-echos. The term "ringing" is because the output signal oscillates at a fading rate around a sharp transition in the input, similar to a bell after being struck.
Cascaded integrator–comb filterIn digital signal processing, a cascaded integrator–comb (CIC) is an optimized class of finite impulse response (FIR) filter combined with an interpolator or decimator. A CIC filter consists of one or more integrator and comb filter pairs. In the case of a decimating CIC, the input signal is fed through one or more cascaded integrators, then a down-sampler, followed by one or more comb sections (equal in number to the number of integrators). An interpolating CIC is simply the reverse of this architecture, with the down-sampler replaced with a zero-stuffer (up-sampler).
Ambiguity functionIn pulsed radar and sonar signal processing, an ambiguity function is a two-dimensional function of propagation delay and Doppler frequency , . It represents the distortion of a returned pulse due to the receiver matched filter (commonly, but not exclusively, used in pulse compression radar) of the return from a moving target. The ambiguity function is defined by the properties of the pulse and of the filter, and not any particular target scenario.
Fonction triangulairevignette|Exemple de fonction triangulaire. Une fonction triangulaire (ou fonction triangle, fonction chapeau ou fonction tente) est une fonction dont la représentation graphique est un triangle. Souvent, c'est un triangle isocèle de hauteur 1 et de base 2 et dans ce cas, on s'y réfère comme la fonction triangulaire. Les fonctions triangulaires sont utiles en traitement du signal et en génie des systèmes de communication comme représentations idéalisées des signaux, et particulièrement la fonction triangulaire comme un opérateur intégral de noyau à partir de laquelle des signaux plus réalistes peuvent être dérivés, par exemple dans l'estimation de densités de noyaux.
