Depositional environmentIn geology, depositional environment or sedimentary environment describes the combination of physical, chemical, and biological processes associated with the deposition of a particular type of sediment and, therefore, the rock types that will be formed after lithification, if the sediment is preserved in the rock record. In most cases, the environments associated with particular rock types or associations of rock types can be matched to existing analogues.
Coastal sediment supplyCoastal sediment supply is the transport of sediment to the beach environment by both fluvial and aeolian transport. While aeolian transport plays a role in the overall sedimentary budget for the coastal environment, it is paled in comparison to the fluvial supply which makes up 95% of sediment entering the ocean. When sediment reaches the coast it is then entrained by longshore drift and littoral cells until it is accreted upon the beach or dunes. While it is acknowledged that storm systems are the driver behind coastal erosion.
Érosion du littoralL’érosion du littoral, appelée aussi érosion côtière, est un phénomène naturel ou anthropique qui se produit en de nombreux endroits du monde.
Contrôle des alluvionsdroite|vignette|250x250px| Barrière à sédiments installée sur un chantier de construction. Aux États-Unis, le contrôle des alluvions (en sediment control) sont une pratique ou un dispositif conçu pour maintenir un sol érodé sur un chantier de construction, afin qu'il ne se lave pas et n'occasionne pas de pollution de l'eau à un ruisseau, une rivière, un lac ou une mer à proximité. Le contrôle des alluvions va généralement de pair avec la lutte contre l'érosion, qui est conçu pour prévenir ou minimiser l'érosion et ainsi réduire le besoin de contrôles des alluvions.
Roche sédimentairevignette|Couches de roches sédimentaires datant du Trias (Utah, États-Unis). Les roches sédimentaires proviennent de l'accumulation de sédiments qui se déposent le plus souvent en couches ou lits superposés, appelés strates. Elles résultent de l'accumulation de sédiments divers, c'est-à-dire d'éléments solides (clastes : morceaux de roches ou fragments minéraux, débris coquilliers) et de précipitations à partir de solutions (elles-mêmes constitutives ou à l'origine de ciments, souvent intercalaires entre grains, particules ou clastes).
Cycle of erosionThe geographic cycle, or cycle of erosion, is an idealized model that explains the development of relief in landscapes. The model starts with the erosion that follows uplift of land above a base level and ends, if conditions allow, in the formation of a peneplain. Landscapes that show evidence of more than one cycle of erosion are termed "polycyclical". The cycle of erosion and some of its associated concepts have, despite their popularity, been a subject of much criticism.
Dépôt physique par phase vapeurvignette|Montage expérimental d’une évaporation par dépôt chimique vapeur Le dépôt physique en phase vapeur (ou PVD pour l'anglais physical vapor deposition) est un ensemble de méthodes de dépôt sous vide de films minces : Évaporation directe : Évaporation sous vide (ou évaporation) Évaporation par faisceau d'électron en phase vapeur (angl. electron beam evaporation) Pulvérisation cathodique (sputtering) : les particules de métal sont séparées de leur substrat par bombardement ionique.
Boundary currentBoundary currents are ocean currents with dynamics determined by the presence of a coastline, and fall into two distinct categories: western boundary currents and eastern boundary currents. Eastern boundary currents are relatively shallow, broad and slow-flowing. They are found on the eastern side of oceanic basins (adjacent to the western coasts of continents). Subtropical eastern boundary currents flow equatorward, transporting cold water from higher latitudes to lower latitudes; examples include the Benguela Current, the Canary Current, the Humboldt (Peru) Current, and the California Current.
Sediment basinA sediment basin is a temporary pond built on a construction site to capture eroded or disturbed soil that is washed off during rain storms, and protect the water quality of a nearby stream, river, lake, or bay. The sediment-laden soil settles in the pond before the runoff is discharged. Sediment basins are typically used on construction sites of or more, where there is sufficient room. They are often used in conjunction with erosion controls and other sediment control practices.
Sedimentation (water treatment)Sedimentation is a physical water treatment process using gravity to remove suspended solids from water. Solid particles entrained by the turbulence of moving water may be removed naturally by sedimentation in the still water of lakes and oceans. Settling basins are ponds constructed for the purpose of removing entrained solids by sedimentation. Clarifiers are tanks built with mechanical means for continuous removal of solids being deposited by sedimentation. Clarification does not remove dissolved species.
