The applications of Internet of Things in the automotive industry: A review of the batteries, fuel cells, and engines

The current advances in the integration of devices through the internet of things (IoT) have encouraged researchers to focus on the applications of IoT in the automotive industry. Although different achievements in the in-vehicle network analysis and traffic management have been already reviewed, a comprehensive study to bring together the main applications of the IoT in the automotive industry is required. Internal combustion engines (ICEs) are established as the most common prime-mover for cars, however, with the depleting fossil-fuel resources, the interest in the usage of fuel cells and batteries has increased. In this regard, the main goal of the current study is to evaluate the application of IoT in batteries, fuel cells, and ICEs. This paper is also centralized on different types of IoT applications and combines them with empirical articles such as Random Location Detection, Vehicle Theft Prevention, Observation of vehicle performance, and industrial management of vehicles. As an output of this comprehensive review, different usages of the IoT in the automotive sector will be clarified. Also, this article can be considered as a basis for advancing the recent implementation of the IoT in the fuel cell, battery, and ICE domains.