Scale of temperatureScale of temperature is a methodology of calibrating the physical quantity temperature in metrology. Empirical scales measure temperature in relation to convenient and stable parameters or reference points, such as the freezing and boiling point of water. Absolute temperature is based on thermodynamic principles: using the lowest possible temperature as the zero point, and selecting a convenient incremental unit. Celsius, Kelvin, and Fahrenheit are common temperature scales.
Lampe aux halogénures métalliquesthumb|upright=1.4|Lampe HMI de . Une lampe aux halogénures métalliques est une lampe à décharge à haute pression, de la famille des lampes à arc, dont la température de couleur est très proche de la lumière du jour (typiquement , généralement entre et ). Certaines d'entre elles sont connues sous le nom de lampe HMI, sigle de l'expression allemande Hydrargyrum Mittlere bogenlänge Iod, et traduit en anglais par : Hydrargyrum medium-arc iodide (HMI), marque déposée de la firme allemande Osram.
Ceramic metal-halide lampA ceramic metal-halide lamp (CMH), also generically known as a ceramic discharge metal-halide (CDM) lamp, is a type of metal-halide lamp that is 10–20% more efficient than the traditional quartz metal halide and produces a superior color rendition (80-96 CRI). Applications for these lamps include shop lighting, street lighting, architectural lighting and agricultural lighting including grow lights. A CMH light was first exhibited by the Thorn Lighting Group in 1981 at the Hannover World Light Fair, and the first commercial ceramic metal halide lamps were distributed by Philips in 1994.
