Rayonnement électromagnétiquethumb|Répartition du rayonnement électromagnétique par longueur d'onde. Le rayonnement électromagnétique est une forme de transfert d'énergie linéaire. La lumière visible est un rayonnement électromagnétique, mais ne constitue qu'une petite tranche du large spectre électromagnétique. La propagation de ce rayonnement, d'une ou plusieurs particules, donne lieu à de nombreux phénomènes comme l'atténuation, l'absorption, la diffraction et la réfraction, le décalage vers le rouge, les interférences, les échos, les parasites électromagnétiques et les effets biologiques.
Flat EarthFlat Earth is an archaic and scientifically disproven conception of the Earth's shape as a plane or disk. Many ancient cultures subscribed to a flat-Earth cosmography. The idea of a spherical Earth appeared in ancient Greek philosophy with Pythagoras (6th century BC). However, most pre-Socratics (6th–5th century BC) retained the flat-Earth model. In the early 4th century BC, Plato wrote about a spherical Earth. By about 330 BC, his former student Aristotle had provided strong empirical evidence for a spherical Earth.
Spherical EarthSpherical Earth or Earth's curvature refers to the approximation of figure of the Earth as a sphere. The earliest documented mention of the concept dates from around the 5th century BC, when it appears in the writings of Greek philosophers. In the 3rd century BC, Hellenistic astronomy established the roughly spherical shape of Earth as a physical fact and calculated the Earth's circumference. This knowledge was gradually adopted throughout the Old World during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages.
