Soviet-type economic planningSoviet-type economic planning (STP) is the specific model of centralized planning employed by Marxist–Leninist socialist states modeled on the economy of the Soviet Union (USSR). The post-perestroika analysis of the system of the Soviet economic planning describes it as the administrative-command system due to the de facto priority of highly centralized management over planning.
Systems ecologySystems ecology is an interdisciplinary field of ecology, a subset of Earth system science, that takes a holistic approach to the study of ecological systems, especially ecosystems. Systems ecology can be seen as an application of general systems theory to ecology. Central to the systems ecology approach is the idea that an ecosystem is a complex system exhibiting emergent properties. Systems ecology focuses on interactions and transactions within and between biological and ecological systems, and is especially concerned with the way the functioning of ecosystems can be influenced by human interventions.
Enterprise planning systemAn enterprise planning system covers the methods of planning for the internal and external factors that affect an enterprise. These factors generally fall under PESTLE. PESTLE refers to political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental factors. Regularly addressing PESTLE factors falls under operations management. Meanwhile, addressing any event, opportunity or challenge in any one or many factors for the first time will involve project management.
Terre-plein (géographie)Un terre-plein ou terreplein est une étendue artificielle de terre acquise sur la mer par remblaiement, à l'aide souvent de déchets, de gravats et de sable, et qui a un niveau altimétrique supérieur au niveau de la mer. Ce type d'ouvrage ne doit pas être confondu avec les polders, qui sont le résultat d'assèchements de terrains situés en dessous du niveau de la mer, protégés par des digues, et leur affectation originelle a été en général agricole.
