Publication

Noninvasive theta-burst stimulation of the human striatum enhances striatal activity and motor skill learning

Résumé

The stimulation of deep brain structures has thus far only been possible with invasive methods. Transcranial electrical temporal interference stimulation (tTIS) is a novel, noninvasive technology that might overcome this limitation. The initial proof-of-concept was obtained through modeling, physics experiments and rodent models. Here we show successful noninvasive neuromodulation of the striatum via tTIS in humans using computational modeling, functional magnetic resonance imaging studies and behavioral evaluations. Theta-burst patterned striatal tTIS increased activity in the striatum and associated motor network. Furthermore, striatal tTIS enhanced motor performance, especially in healthy older participants as they have lower natural learning skills than younger subjects. These findings place tTIS as an exciting new method to target deep brain structures in humans noninvasively, thus enhancing our understanding of their functional role. Moreover, our results lay the groundwork for innovative, noninvasive treatment strategies for brain disorders in which deep striatal structures play key pathophysiological roles.

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Concepts associés (33)
Stimulation cérébrale profonde
La est un traitement médical invasif consistant à implanter chirurgicalement dans le cerveau des électrodes, connectées à un boîtier mis en place sous la peau et qui délivre un courant électrique de faible intensité dans certaines structures spécifiques situées en profondeur de cet organe comme le thalamus ou certains noyaux des ganglions de la base, comme le noyau sous-thalamique ou le globus pallidus.
Cerveau humain
Le 'cerveau humain' a la même structure générale que le cerveau des autres mammifères, mais il est celui dont la taille relative par rapport au reste du corps est devenue la plus grande au cours de l'évolution. Si la baleine bleue a le cerveau le plus lourd avec contre environ pour celui de l'homme, le coefficient d'encéphalisation humain est le plus élevé et est sept fois supérieur à celui de la moyenne des mammifères.
Gross motor skill
Gross motor skills are the abilities usually acquired during childhood as part of a child's motor learning. By the time they reach two years of age, almost all children are able to stand up, walk and run, walk up stairs, etc. These skills are built upon, improved and better controlled throughout early childhood, and continue in refinement throughout most of the individual's years of development into adulthood. These gross movements come from large muscle groups and whole body movement.
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The motor learning process entails plastic changes in the brain, especially in brain network reconfigurations. In the current study, we sought to characterize motor learning by determining changes in the coupling behaviour between the brain functional and ...
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