Histoire contrefactuelleEn science de l'Histoire, l’histoire contrefactuelle (ou approche contrefactuelle) est une méthode qui consiste à imaginer des développements historiques alternatifs (par exemple la chute de la république romaine à la suite de l'invasion gauloise, et ses conséquences possibles) à partir d'une situation réelle (celle de Rome et des celtes gaulois). La question qui permet d'amorcer ce type de réflexion est : .
Open sourceOpen source is source code that is made freely available for possible modification and redistribution. Products include permission to use the source code, design documents, or content of the product. The open-source model is a decentralized software development model that encourages open collaboration. A main principle of open-source software development is peer production, with products such as source code, blueprints, and documentation freely available to the public.
New Classical architectureNew Classical architecture, New Classicism or Contemporary Classical architecture is a contemporary movement in architecture that continues the practice of Classical architecture. It is sometimes considered the modern continuation of Neoclassical architecture, even though other styles might be cited as well, such as Gothic, Baroque, Renaissance or even non-Western styles – often referenced and recreated from a postmodern perspective as opposed to being strict revival styles.
Histoire oraleLhistoire orale est la discipline traitant de la collecte et de l'étude de données historiques utilisant des enregistrements audio ou vidéo ainsi que des transcriptions d'entrevues avec des personnes qui ont participé à des événements passés ou en ont été témoins et dont les souvenirs et les perceptions sont conservés par un enregistrement sonore. Elle concerne aussi le recueil de récits portés par des personnes qui ne sont pas nécessairement les témoins oculaires des faits rapportés.
Primary sourceIn the study of history as an academic discipline, a primary source (also called an original source) is an artifact, document, diary, manuscript, autobiography, recording, or any other source of information that was created at the time under study. It serves as an original source of information about the topic. Similar definitions can be used in library science and other areas of scholarship, although different fields have somewhat different definitions.
Recorded historyRecorded history or written history describes the historical events that have been recorded in a written form or other documented communication which are subsequently evaluated by historians using the historical method. For broader world history, recorded history begins with the accounts of the ancient world around the 4th millennium BC, and it coincides with the invention of writing. For some geographic regions or cultures, written history is limited to a relatively recent period in human history because of the limited use of written records.
Alternate historyAlternate history (also alternative history, allohistory, althist, or AH) is a subgenre of speculative fiction in which one or more historical events have occurred but are resolved differently than in actual history. As conjecture based upon historical fact, alternate history stories propose What if? scenarios about crucial events in human history, and present outcomes very different from the historical record. Some alternate histories are considered a subgenre of literary fiction, science fiction, or historical fiction.
Open-source licenseOpen-source licenses facilitate free and open-source software (FOSS) development. Intellectual property (IP) laws restrict the modification and sharing of creative works. Free and open-source software licenses use these existing legal structures for the inverse purpose of granting freedoms that promote sharing and collaboration. They grant the recipient the rights to use the software, examine the source code, modify it, and distribute the modifications. These licenses target computer software where source code can be necessary to create modifications.
Tradition oraleLa tradition orale (également culture orale, patrimoine oral ou encore littérature orale) est une façon de préserver et de transmettre l'histoire, la loi et la littérature de génération en génération dans les sociétés humaines (peuples, ethnies) qui n'ont pas de système d'écriture ou qui, dans certaines circonstances, choisissent ou sont contraintes de ne pas l'utiliser. La tradition orale est parfois considérée comme faisant partie du folklore d'un peuple.
MySQLMySQL (prononcer []) est un système de gestion de bases de données relationnelles (SGBDR). Il est distribué sous une double licence GPL et propriétaire. Il fait partie des logiciels de gestion de base de données les plus utilisés au monde, autant par le grand public (applications web principalement) que par des professionnels, en concurrence avec Oracle, PostgreSQL et Microsoft SQL Server. Son nom vient du prénom de la fille du cocréateur Michael Widenius, (prononcer []).
