Line perfect graphIn graph theory, a line perfect graph is a graph whose line graph is a perfect graph. Equivalently, these are the graphs in which every odd-length simple cycle is a triangle. A graph is line perfect if and only if each of its biconnected components is a bipartite graph, the complete graph K_4, or a triangular book K_1,1,n. Because these three types of biconnected component are all perfect graphs themselves, every line perfect graph is itself perfect.
Perfectly orderable graphIn graph theory, a perfectly orderable graph is a graph whose vertices can be ordered in such a way that a greedy coloring algorithm with that ordering optimally colors every induced subgraph of the given graph. Perfectly orderable graphs form a special case of the perfect graphs, and they include the chordal graphs, comparability graphs, and distance-hereditary graphs. However, testing whether a graph is perfectly orderable is NP-complete.
Lexique de la théorie des graphesNOTOC Acyclique graphe ne contenant pas de cycle. Adjacence une liste d'adjacence est une structure de données constituée d'un tableau dont le -ème élément correspond à la liste des voisins du -ème sommet. Adjacence une matrice d'adjacence est une matrice carrée usuellement notée , de dimensions , dont chaque élément est égal au nombre d'arêtes incidentes (ayant pour extrémités) aux sommets d'indices et (pour un graphe simple non pondéré, ). Dans le cas d'un graphe pondéré, chaque élément est égal à la somme du poids des arêtes incidentes.
Théorème des graphes parfaitsEn mathématiques, et plus précisément en théorie des graphes, le théorème des graphes parfaits (parfois appelé théorème fort des graphes parfaits) est une caractérisation des graphes parfaits par certains sous-graphes , conjecturée par Claude Berge en 1961. Maria Chudnovsky, Neil Robertson, Paul Seymour, et Robin Thomas en annoncèrent la démonstration en 2002, et la publièrent en 2006. Elle valut à leurs auteurs le prix Fulkerson de 2009.
Optimal stoppingIn mathematics, the theory of optimal stopping or early stopping is concerned with the problem of choosing a time to take a particular action, in order to maximise an expected reward or minimise an expected cost. Optimal stopping problems can be found in areas of statistics, economics, and mathematical finance (related to the pricing of American options). A key example of an optimal stopping problem is the secretary problem. Optimal stopping problems can often be written in the form of a Bellman equation, and are therefore often solved using dynamic programming.
Perfect graph theoremIn graph theory, the perfect graph theorem of states that an undirected graph is perfect if and only if its complement graph is also perfect. This result had been conjectured by , and it is sometimes called the weak perfect graph theorem to distinguish it from the strong perfect graph theorem characterizing perfect graphs by their forbidden induced subgraphs. A perfect graph is an undirected graph with the property that, in every one of its induced subgraphs, the size of the largest clique equals the minimum number of colors in a coloring of the subgraph.
Théorie des graphes extrémauxEn théorie des graphes, un graphe extrémal (anglais : extremal graph) par rapport à une propriété est un graphe tel que l'ajout de n'importe quelle arête amène le graphe à vérifier la propriété . L'étude des graphes extrémaux se décompose en deux sujets : la recherche de bornes inférieures sur le nombre d'arêtes nécessaires à assurer la propriété (voire sur d'autres paramètres comme le degré minimum) et la caractérisation des graphes extrémaux proprement dits. L'étude des graphes extrémaux est une branche de l'étude combinatoire des graphes.
Impedance parametersImpedance parameters or Z-parameters (the elements of an impedance matrix or Z-matrix) are properties used in electrical engineering, electronic engineering, and communication systems engineering to describe the electrical behavior of linear electrical networks. They are also used to describe the small-signal (linearized) response of non-linear networks. They are members of a family of similar parameters used in electronic engineering, other examples being: S-parameters, Y-parameters, H-parameters, T-parameters or ABCD-parameters.
ParameterA parameter (), generally, is any characteristic that can help in defining or classifying a particular system (meaning an event, project, object, situation, etc.). That is, a parameter is an element of a system that is useful, or critical, when identifying the system, or when evaluating its performance, status, condition, etc. Parameter has more specific meanings within various disciplines, including mathematics, computer programming, engineering, statistics, logic, linguistics, and electronic musical composition.
Connectivity (graph theory)In mathematics and computer science, connectivity is one of the basic concepts of graph theory: it asks for the minimum number of elements (nodes or edges) that need to be removed to separate the remaining nodes into two or more isolated subgraphs. It is closely related to the theory of network flow problems. The connectivity of a graph is an important measure of its resilience as a network. In an undirected graph G, two vertices u and v are called connected if G contains a path from u to v.
