A chemical biology approach to decipher chromatin ubiquitylation by RNF168
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In eukaryotic cells, DNA is tightly packed in the form chromatin. The basic structure of chromatin is a nucleosome composed of 147 bp DNA wrapped around eight histone proteins; two copies of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4. These histone proteins are decorated with pa ...
Dynamic regulation of chromatin, a structure consisting of DNA and histone proteins, is mediated through histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) and effector proteins. HP1a and PRC2 are recruited to repressive PTMs (H3K9me3, H3K27me3) and enable he ...
Epigenetics plays an important role in cancer development and progression. Cancer cells hijack the epigenome by modifying the histone protein units responsible for packaging DNA, or by modifying the DNA itself, resulting in changes to chromatin topology an ...
Double-strand breaks (DSBs) are the most toxic type of DNA lesions. Cells repair these lesions using either end protection- or end resection-coupled mechanisms. To study DSB repair choice, we present the Color Assay Tracing-Repair (CAT-R) to simultaneously ...
Nearly all the cells of an organism share the same DNA sequence or genome, and yet they show different phenotypes and carry out different functions. This diversity is made possible by a verity of molecular modifications acting on the DNA sequence that coll ...
Long interspersed element-1 (LINE-1, L1) is a mobile genetic element comprising about 17% of the human genome. L1 utilizes an endonuclease to insert L1 cDNA into the target genomic DNA, which induces double-strand DNA breaks in the human genome and activat ...
Targeting defined histone protein sites in chromatin is an emerging therapeutic approach that can potentially be enhanced by allosteric effects within the nucleosome. Here we characterized a novel hetero-bimetallic compound with a design based on a nucleos ...
Current repair initiatives, from networks of repair cafés run by local volunteers to community-turned-company iFixit, have been very successful at putting questions of repair and maintenance at the forefront of public debate. However, they have done so in ...
Telomeres are specialized nucleoprotein structures present at the ends of linear chromosome. The telomeric DNA part is comprised of 5-15 kilo base pairs of double stranded TTAGGG repeats and it contains at the 3' end a single-stranded G-rich overhang of 50 ...
The cellular response to DNA damage results in a signaling cascade that primes chromatin for repair. Combinatorial post-translational modifications (PTMs) play a key role in this process by altering the physical properties of chromatin and recruiting downs ...