Fixed wirelessFixed wireless is the operation of wireless communication devices or systems used to connect two fixed locations (e.g., building to building or tower to building) with a radio or other wireless link, such as laser bridge. Usually, fixed wireless is part of a wireless LAN infrastructure. The purpose of a fixed wireless link is to enable data communications between the two sites or buildings. Fixed wireless data (FWD) links are often a cost-effective alternative to leasing fiber or installing cables between the buildings.
International securityInternational security is a term which refers to the measures taken by states and international organizations, such as the United Nations, European Union, and others, to ensure mutual survival and safety. These measures include military action and diplomatic agreements such as treaties and conventions. International and national security are invariably linked. International security is national security or state security in the global arena. By the end of World War II, a new subject of academic study, security studies, focusing on international security emerged.
Threat (computer)In computer security, a threat is a potential negative action or event facilitated by a vulnerability that results in an unwanted impact to a computer system or application. A threat can be either a negative "intentional" event (i.e. hacking: an individual cracker or a criminal organization) or an "accidental" negative event (e.g. the possibility of a computer malfunctioning, or the possibility of a natural disaster event such as an earthquake, a fire, or a tornado) or otherwise a circumstance, capability, action, or event.
Télépéage (France)200px|vignette|Le symbole utilisé en France En France, le système de péage électronique facilite les entrées-sorties des conducteurs sur les routes payantes. En Europe, le Service européen de télépéage (SET) est un dispositif visant à rendre interopérables différents systèmes de péage de pays européens, en leur donnant un cadre législatif et juridique. La directive prévoit que le SET permet le DSRC, le contrôle en temps réel, et la géolocalisation le cas échéant.
Wireless securityWireless security is the prevention of unauthorized access or damage to computers or data using wireless networks, which include Wi-Fi networks. The term may also refer to the protection of the wireless network itself from adversaries seeking to damage the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of the network. The most common type is Wi-Fi security, which includes Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) and Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA). WEP is an old IEEE 802.11 standard from 1997.
Wireless Internet service providerA wireless Internet service provider (WISP) is an Internet service provider with a network based on wireless networking. Technology may include commonplace Wi-Fi wireless mesh networking, or proprietary equipment designed to operate over open 900 MHz, 2.4 GHz, 4.9, 5, 24, and 60 GHz bands or licensed frequencies in the UHF band (including the MMDS frequency band), LMDS, and other bands from 6 GHz to 80 GHz. In the US, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) released Report and Order, FCC 05-56 in 2005 that revised the FCC’s rules to open the 3650 MHz band for terrestrial wireless broadband operations.
Spectre (vulnérabilité)vignette|179x179px|Logo de la vulnérabilité : un fantôme avec une branche. Spectre est une vulnérabilité matérielle de certaines implémentations de la prédiction de branchement, qui affecte les microprocesseurs modernes dotés de l'exécution spéculative. Cette vulnérabilité permet de récupérer des informations potentiellement sensibles en forçant un programme à accéder à des zones arbitraires de l'espace mémoire qui lui est alloué. Deux identifiants de Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) liés à Spectre, CVE-2017-5753 et CVE-2017-5715, ont été émis.
Meltdown (vulnérabilité)Meltdown est une vulnérabilité matérielle découverte exclusivement dans les microprocesseurs Intel x86 qui permet à un processus non autorisé l'accès privilégié à la mémoire. La vulnérabilité ne semble pas affecter les microprocesseurs AMD. Un code Common vulnerabilities and Exposures : CVE-2017-5754 a été émis. Meltdown a été découvert indépendamment par des chercheurs de Google Project Zero, Cyberus Technology, et de l'Université de Technologie de Graz. Il a été rendu public en conjonction avec une autre vulnérabilité Spectre, le .
Sécurité humaineLa sécurité humaine est un concept émergent apparu dans les années 1990, qui remet en cause l'approche traditionnelle de la sécurité fondée principalement sur le concept de sécurité nationale. À l'État et ses intérêts, auxquels se réfèrent la « sécurité nationale » et les « intérêts nationaux », le concept de sécurité humaine préfère prendre l'individu comme objet référent (c'est-à-dire comme objet à protéger).
Toll roadA toll road, also known as a turnpike or tollway, is a public or private road (almost always a controlled-access highway in the present day) for which a fee (or toll) is assessed for passage. It is a form of road pricing typically implemented to help recoup the costs of road construction and maintenance. Toll roads have existed in some form since antiquity, with tolls levied on passing travelers on foot, wagon, or horseback; a practice that continued with the automobile, and many modern tollways charge fees for motor vehicles exclusively.
