Upper respiratory tract infectionAn upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is an illness caused by an acute infection, which involves the upper respiratory tract, including the nose, sinuses, pharynx, larynx or trachea. This commonly includes nasal obstruction, sore throat, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, sinusitis, otitis media, and the common cold. Most infections are viral in nature, and in other instances, the cause is bacterial. URTIs can also be fungal or helminthic in origin, but these are less common. In 2015, 17.
Protéine enveloppe du CoronavirusLa protéine enveloppe du Coronavirus (protéine E) est la plus petite et la moins distincte des quatre principales protéines structurelles des Coronavirus. C'est une protéine membranaire intégrale longue de moins de 110 acides aminés. Dans le SARS-CoV-2, cause de la Covid-19, la protéine E a une longueur de 75 acides aminés. Bien que non essentielle pour la réplication virale, son absence peut avoir pour conséquence un assemblage anormal des capsides virales ou une baisse de la réplication.
Virus latencyVirus latency (or viral latency) is the ability of a pathogenic virus to lie dormant (latent) within a cell, denoted as the lysogenic part of the viral life cycle. A latent viral infection is a type of persistent viral infection which is distinguished from a chronic viral infection. Latency is the phase in certain viruses' life cycles in which, after initial infection, proliferation of virus particles ceases. However, the viral genome is not eradicated.
Réplication viralevignette|Schéma récapitulatif du cycle de réplication viral du virus Influenza (grippe) La réplication virale est l'ensemble des processus biochimiques qui se déroulent dans la cellule infectée par un virus et qui ont pour effet de produire de nouvelles unités de ce virus (ou virions). Ce mode de multiplication parasitaire qui exploite le mécanisme de réplication de l'ADN est ce qui définit les virus. Les virus doivent d'abord pénétrer dans la cellule avant que la réplication virale puisse se produire.
Infection aiguë des voies respiratoires inférieuresUne infection aiguë des voies respiratoires inférieures, également appelée infection respiratoire basse, est une infection aiguë touchant les voies aériennes inférieures ou les poumons. Cette entité désigne un groupe de pathologies pouvant inclure la bronchiolite, la bronchite aiguë, certains cas d'exacerbation de BPCO, de grippe ou de pneumonie. Les personnes âgées, immunodéficientes ou atteintes de maladies pulmonaires chroniques risquent plus d'être touchées.
Protéine virale non structuraleIn virology, a nonstructural protein is a protein encoded by a virus but that is not part of the viral particle. They typically include the various enzymes and transcription factors the virus uses to replicate itself, such as a viral protease (3CL/nsp5, etc.), an RNA replicase or other template-directed polymerases, and some means to control the host. NSP1 (rotavirus) NSP4 (rotavirus) NSP5 (rotavirus) Influenza non-structural protein NS1 influenza protein HBcAg, core antigen of hepatitis B Bunyaviridae nons
Coronavirus membrane proteinThe membrane (M) protein (previously called E1, sometimes also matrix protein) is an integral membrane protein that is the most abundant of the four major structural proteins found in coronaviruses. The M protein organizes the assembly of coronavirus virions through protein-protein interactions with other M protein molecules as well as with the other three structural proteins, the envelope (E), spike (S), and nucleocapsid (N) proteins. The M protein is a transmembrane protein with three transmembrane domains and is around 230 amino acid residues long.
DisinfectantA disinfectant is a chemical substance or compound used to inactivate or destroy microorganisms on inert surfaces. Disinfection does not necessarily kill all microorganisms, especially resistant bacterial spores; it is less effective than sterilization, which is an extreme physical or chemical process that kills all types of life. Disinfectants are generally distinguished from other antimicrobial agents such as antibiotics, which destroy microorganisms within the body, and antiseptics, which destroy microorganisms on living tissue.
Skin infectionA skin infection is an infection of the skin in humans and other animals, that can also affect the associated soft tissues such as loose connective tissue and mucous membranes. They comprise a category of infections termed skin and skin structure infections (SSSIs), or skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs), and acute bacterial SSSIs (ABSSSIs). They are distinguished from dermatitis (inflammation of the skin), although skin infections can result in skin inflammation.
Viral pneumoniaViral pneumonia is a pneumonia caused by a virus. Pneumonia is an infection that causes inflammation in one or both of the lungs. The pulmonary alveoli fill with fluid or pus making it difficult to breathe. Pneumonia can be caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites. Viruses are the most common cause of pneumonia in children, while in adults bacteria are a more common cause. Symptoms of viral pneumonia include fever, non-productive cough, runny nose, and systemic symptoms (e.g. myalgia, headache).
