Traitement automatique du langage naturelLe traitement automatique du langage naturel (TALN), en anglais natural language processing ou NLP, est un domaine multidisciplinaire impliquant la linguistique, l'informatique et l'intelligence artificielle, qui vise à créer des outils de traitement du langage naturel pour diverses applications. Il ne doit pas être confondu avec la linguistique informatique, qui vise à comprendre les langues au moyen d'outils informatiques.
Array (data type)In computer science, array is a data type that represents a collection of elements (values or variables), each selected by one or more indices (identifying keys) that can be computed at run time during program execution. Such a collection is usually called an array variable or array value. By analogy with the mathematical concepts vector and matrix, array types with one and two indices are often called vector type and matrix type, respectively. More generally, a multidimensional array type can be called a tensor type, by analogy with the physical concept, tensor.
Identity (object-oriented programming)In object-oriented programming, object-oriented design and object-oriented analysis, the identity of an object is its being distinct from any other object, regardless of the values of the objects' properties. Having identity is a fundamental property of objects. This is closely related to the philosophical concept of identity. A reference can be used to refer to an object with a specific identity. A reference contains the information that is necessary for the identity property to be realized in the programming language, and allows access to the object with the identity.
Actor model and process calculiIn computer science, the Actor model and process calculi are two closely related approaches to the modelling of concurrent digital computation. See Actor model and process calculi history. There are many similarities between the two approaches, but also several differences (some philosophical, some technical): There is only one Actor model (although it has numerous formal systems for design, analysis, verification, modeling, etc.