3D scanning3D scanner is the process of analyzing a real-world object or environment to collect three dimensional data of its shape and possibly its appearance (e.g. color). The collected data can then be used to construct digital 3D models. A 3D scanner can be based on many different technologies, each with its own limitations, advantages and costs. Many limitations in the kind of objects that can be digitised are still present. For example, optical technology may encounter many difficulties with dark, shiny, reflective or transparent objects.
Rational agentA rational agent or rational being is a person or entity that always aims to perform optimal actions based on given premises and information. A rational agent can be anything that makes decisions, typically a person, firm, machine, or software. The concept of rational agents can be found in various disciplines such as artificial intelligence, cognitive science, decision theory, economics, ethics, game theory, and the study of practical reason. In reference to economics, rational agent refers to hypothetical consumers and how they make decisions in a free market.
Modèle d'acteurEn informatique, le modèle d'acteur est un modèle mathématique qui considère des acteurs comme les seules fonctions primitives nécessaires pour la programmation concurrente. Les acteurs communiquent par échange de messages. En réponse à un message, un acteur peut effectuer un traitement local, créer d'autres acteurs, ou envoyer d'autres messages. L'article de référence date de 1973. Ce modèle est utilisé aussi bien en informatique théorique pour formaliser les interactions concurrentes, qu’en pratique comme base de réalisation de langages de programmation ou d’architectures concurrentes.
