Unité
Laboratoire d'Histoire des Sciences et des Techniques
LaboratoirePublications associées (41)
Writing and Drawing Inventions: Patents and Technology in France and the United States (18th-19th centuries)
Description (through texts, images, models or samples) played a central role in the patent regimes that emerged in the eighteenth century, first in England, later in the United States and in France. Description ensured that the contract—protection in excha ...
2023Patents, War and Peace. The resilience of the international patent order through the First World War
By the end of the 19th century, an international order had emerged for patents, allowing business actors to use patents in many countries concurrently, and thus supporting a new phase in the development of industrial capitalism. Centered on Europe in spite ...
2023Text Representation Learning for Low Cost Natural Language Understanding
Jan Frederik Jonas Florian Mai
Natural language processing and other artificial intelligence fields have witnessed impressive progress over the past decade. Although some of this progress is due to algorithmic advances in deep learning, the majority has arguably been enabled by scaling ...
EPFL2023Economic Effect of Patents and the Patent System: Insights from Linked Patent-Product Data
This thesis investigates the economic effect of patents and the patent system through the lens of patent commercialisation. The thesis is composed of four chapters, where each chapter is an independent scientific paper. In the first chapter, we present a n ...
EPFL2023Text as a Richer Source of Supervision in Semantic Segmentation Tasks
Devis Tuia, Valérie Zermatten, Javiera Francisca Castillo Navarro, Lloyd Haydn Hughes
This paper introduces TACOSS a text-image alignment approach that allows explainable land cover semantic segmentation by directly integrating semantic concepts encoded from texts. TACOSS combines convolutional neural networks for visual feature extraction ...
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc2023International mobility of inventors and innovation: Empirical evidence from the collapse of the Soviet Union
Gaétan Jean A de Rassenfosse, Gabriele Pellegrino
This paper assesses the extent to which the international migration of inventors affects innovation in the receiving country. Drawing on a novel database that maps the migratory patterns of inventors, we exploit the end of the Soviet Union and the conseque ...
Lausanne2023Natural Language Processing (NLP) driven categorisation and detection of discourse in historical US patents
Jérôme Baudry, Nicolas Christophe Chachereau, Bhargav Srinivasa Desikan, Prakhar Gupta
Patents have traditionally been used in the history of technology as an indication of the thinking process of the inventors, of the challenges or “reverse salients” they faced, or of the social groups influencing the construction of technology. More recent ...
2022« Corriger ce que le système des brevets peut avoir de trop restrictif »: Les premiers brevets d’invention suisses (1888-1907)
Ne connaissant pas de loi sur les brevets d’invention avant 1888, la Suisse du XIXe siècle suit une trajectoire originale en Europe de l’Ouest. La première législation exclut les substances et les procédés chimiques par une clause qui ne paraît pas moins s ...
2022Technology Protectionism and the Patent System: Evidence from China
Gaétan Jean A de Rassenfosse, Emilio Raiteri
Governments have strong incentives to allow their inventors to free ride on foreign technologies. They can achieve this result by discriminating against foreigners in the patent system-by refusing to grant foreigners a patent for their inventions. Internat ...
WILEY2022Learning computationally efficient static word and sentence representations
Most of the Natural Language Processing (NLP) algorithms involve use of distributed vector representations of linguistic units (primarily words and sentences) also known as embeddings in one way or another. These embeddings come in two flavours namely, sta ...
EPFL2021