This lecture covers algebraic operations for derivatives, including addition, multiplication, and composition of differentiable functions defined on an interval. The instructor explains how to calculate the derivative of the sum, product, and composition of functions, providing examples and demonstrating the application of the rules. Various scenarios are explored, such as finding the derivative of a product of two functions and solving equations involving derivatives. The lecture concludes with a detailed explanation of the derivative of a polynomial function and its application in real-world problems.