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This lecture covers the importance of soil protection, its ecological and economic value, and the legislation surrounding soil pollution and degradation. It discusses the functions of soil in biodiversity, climate balance, and water supply, emphasizing the slow but continuous degradation of soils in Switzerland. The lecture also delves into the strategies and regulations for protecting soils, including preventive measures, impact assessment, and remediation techniques. It highlights the role of legislation in safeguarding soil fertility and quality in the long term, addressing both chemical and physical threats. Case studies and examples illustrate the application of soil protection laws and the distinction between polluted sites and soil protection regulations.