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This lecture covers the conservation of angular momentum in physics, focusing on the movement under central forces and the potential dependence on the vector radius. It discusses the two constants of movement, the choice of polar coordinate systems, and the implications of the potential being related to the vector radius. The instructor demonstrates the principles through examples of movement in gravitational fields and the trajectory independence of object mass. The lecture also explores the equivalence principle, gravitational mass, and inertial mass equality. Additionally, it delves into the experimental verification of gravitational concepts and the concept of gravitational potential.