Chemical Equilibria and Reactivity

This lecture covers the second law of thermodynamics, focusing on the entropy change in chemical reactions and the concept of free enthalpy. It also discusses the equilibrium state of a system, the Gibbs free energy, and the reversibility of reactions. Furthermore, it explores the concept of chemical potential and activity in mixtures, non-ideal solutions, and the Debye-Hückel equation for calculating activity coefficients. The lecture concludes with the discussion of activities in liquid mixtures and solid alloys, emphasizing the behavior of pure substances, ideal mixtures, and the impact of interactions on activity.