A battery utilizing the Galvani potential difference between aqueous and organic phases is demonstrated. The battery consists of two organic redox electrolytes separated by an immiscible aqueous phase. The charge is stored by transferring a salt from the aqueous phase into organic phases in ion transfer coupled electron transfer reactions.
Lei Zhang, Kangning Zhao, Jun Lu, Xu Zhang
Andreas Züttel, Thi Ha My Pham, Liping Zhong, Manhui Wei