Publication

Electromagnetic and mechanical analyses of the ITER electron cyclotron Upper launcher steering M4 mirrors for the vertical displacement event

Abstract

The mm-wave power exiting the eight In-Vessel waveguides inside the ITER Electron Cyclotron Upper Launcher is reflected by three fixed mirror sets and finally aimed by two independent steering mirrors to specific plasma locations. A design solution for both Upper and Lower Steering M4 Mirrors capable to withstand the loads taking place during normal operation was already proposed. This design is now assessed against the Vertical Displacement Event Category III (VDEIII) linear decay (36 ms) scenario, which was identified as one of the most stringent load combinations for the steering M4 mirrors. This paper reports the analyses performed to quantify the mechanical loads induced in the steering M4 mirrors during the VDEIII scenario as well as the structural integrity assessment to validate the design against these loads. The transient electromagnetic simulations show that the highest forces are induced in the reflecting surfaces, which produce a bending moment that tends to rotate upwards the mirrors. The comparison between the categorized stresses obtained from the transient mechanical analyses and the allowable design limits according to the ASME code shows that the design of the steering M4 mirrors is widely capable of withstanding the expected loads taking place during the VDEIII scenario.

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Related concepts (33)
Mirror
A mirror or looking glass is an object that reflects an . Light that bounces off a mirror will show an image of whatever is in front of it, when focused through the lens of the eye or a camera. Mirrors reverse the direction of the image in an equal yet opposite angle from which the light shines upon it. This allows the viewer to see themselves or objects behind them, or even objects that are at an angle from them but out of their field of view, such as around a corner.
Electromagnetic pulse
An electromagnetic pulse (EMP), also referred to as a transient electromagnetic disturbance (TED), is a brief burst of electromagnetic energy. The origin of an EMP can be natural or artificial, and can occur as an electromagnetic field, as an electric field, as a magnetic field, or as a conducted electric current. The electromagnetic interference caused by an EMP can disrupt communications and damage electronic equipment. An EMP such as a lightning strike can physically damage objects such as buildings and aircraft.
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