Grammatical number

In linguistics, grammatical number is a feature of nouns, pronouns, adjectives and verb agreement that expresses count distinctions (such as "one", "two" or "three or more"). English and other languages present number categories of singular or plural, both of which are cited by using the hash sign (#) or by the numero signs "No." and "Nos." respectively. Some languages also have a dual, trial and paucal number or other arrangements. The word "number" is also used in linguistics to describe the distinction between certain grammatical aspects that indicate the number of times an event occurs, such as the semelfactive aspect, the iterative aspect, etc. For that use of the term, see "Grammatical aspect". Most languages of the world have formal means to express differences of number. One widespread distinction, found in English and many other languages, involves a simple two-way number contrast between singular and plural (car/cars, child/children, etc.). Discussion of other more elaborate systems of number appears below. Grammatical number is a morphological category characterized by the expression of quantity through inflection or agreement. As an example, consider the English sentences below: That apple on the table is fresh. Those two apples on the table are fresh. The number of apples is marked on the noun—"apple" singular number (one item) vs. "apples" plural number (more than one item)—on the demonstrative, "that/those", and on the verb, "is/are". In the second sentence, all this information is redundant, since quantity is already indicated by the numeral "two". A language has grammatical number when its nouns are subdivided into morphological classes according to the quantity they express, such that: Every noun belongs to a unique number class (nouns are partitioned into disjoint classes by number). Noun modifiers (such as adjectives) and verbs may also have different forms for each number class and be inflected to match the number of the nouns to which they refer (number is an agreement category).

Cohabitation intergénérationnelle: logements protégés et école primaire

Gleb Kolesnikov

La tendance à concevoir des bâtiments qui visent à favoriser les interactions intergénérationnelles entre les usagers est une réalité de la production architecturale actuelle en Suisse. Toutefois, cette mixité reste pour le moment plutôt timide quant aux échanges et aux apports sociaux qui devraient en découler. En effet, nous voyons que l’on cherche majoritairement à rapprocher personnes âgées et étudiants ou personnes âgées et enfants en crèches. Mais ce type de cohabitation n’anime pas suffisamment le quotidien des seniors et ne permet pas les échanges qui leur seraient favorables. Le projet a pour objectif d’assumer pleinement une cohabitation intergénérationnelle quitte à regrouper, au sein d’un même ouvrage, des générations diamétralement opposées, à savoir des personnes du troisième âge (relativement autonomes mais nécessitant une assistance occasionnelle) et des écoliers de 6 à 12 ans. La parcelle investie par le projet jouxte l’EMS Villa-Beausite à Fribourg, imposante demeure construite en 1900. Le projet ménage des espaces extérieurs distincts pour les usagers du nouveau bâtiment, dont la toiture sert d’espace praticable pour les résidents de l’EMS existant. La conception du projet se fonde sur l’idée d’unité, au sens sociologique du terme, qui renforce le sentiment d’appartenance des utilisateurs tout en favorisant des interactions subtiles entre les enfants et les personnes âgées.

2022

Robust design using multiobjective optimisation and artificial neural networks with application to a heat pump radial compressor

Jürg Alexander Schiffmann, Soheyl Massoudi, Cyril Picard

Although robustness is an important consideration to guarantee the performance of designs under deviation, systems are often engineered by evaluating their performance exclusively at nominal conditions. Robustness is sometimes evaluated a posteriori throug ...

CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS2022

Quand les artistes font forme en habitant ensemble. Usages, présences, imaginaires.

Cohabitation intergénérationnelle: logements protégés et école primaire

Robust design using multiobjective optimisation and artificial neural networks with application to a heat pump radial compressor

Quand les artistes font forme en habitant ensemble. Usages, présences, imaginaires.

Cohabitation intergénérationnelle: logements protégés et école primaire

Robust design using multiobjective optimisation and artificial neural networks with application to a heat pump radial compressor