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Concept
Mu (letter)
Summary
Mu ˈm(j)uː (uppercase Μ, lowercase μ; Ancient Greek μῦ mŷː, μι or μυ—both mi) is the twelfth letter of the Greek alphabet, representing the voiced bilabial nasal m. In the system of Greek numerals it has a value of 40. Mu was derived from the Egyptian hieroglyphic symbol for water, which had been simplified by the Phoenicians and named after their word for water, to become 𐤌 (mem). Letters that derive from mu include the Roman M and the Cyrillic М, though the lowercase resembles a small Latin U (μ).
In Ancient Greek, the name of the letter was written μῦ and pronounced [mŷː]
In Modern Greek, the letter is spelled μι and pronounced mi. In polytonic orthography, it is written with an acute accent: μί.
The lowercase letter mu (μ) is used as a special symbol in many academic fields. Uppercase mu is not used, because it appears identical to Latin M.
"μ" is used as a unit prefix denoting a factor of 10−6 (one millionth), in this context, the symbol its name is "micro".
Metric prefix
International System of Units prefix, also known as "SI prefix"
The micrometre with symbol "μm", can also referred to as the non-SI term "micron".
"μ" is conventionally used to denote certain things; however, any Greek letter or other symbol may be used freely as a variable name.
a measure in measure theory
minimalization in computability theory and Recursion theory
the integrating factor in ordinary differential equations
the degree of membership in a fuzzy set
the Möbius function in number theory
the population mean or expected value in probability and statistics
the Ramanujan–Soldner constant
In classical physics and engineering:
the coefficient of friction (also used in aviation as braking coefficient (see Braking action))
reduced mass in the two-body problem
Standard gravitational parameter in celestial mechanics
linear density, or mass per unit length, in strings and other one-dimensional objects
permeability in electromagnetism
the magnetic dipole moment of a current-carrying coil
dynamic viscosity in fluid mechanics
the amplification factor or voltage gain of a triode vacuum tube
the electrical mobility of a charged particle
the rotor advance ratio, the ratio of aircraft airspeed to rotor-tip speed in rotorcraft
the pore water pressure in saturated soil
In particle physics:
the elementary particles called the muon and antimuon
the proton-to-electron mass ratio
In thermodynamics:
the chemical potential of a system or component of a system
In evolutionary algorithms:
μ, population size from which in each generation λ offspring will generate (the terms μ and λ originate from evolution strategy notation)
In type theory:
Used to introduce a recursive data type.
Official source
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