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In geometry, a torus (: tori or toruses) is a surface of revolution generated by revolving a circle in three-dimensional space one full revolution about an axis that is coplanar with the circle. The main types of toruses include ring toruses, horn toruses, and spindle toruses. A ring torus is sometimes colloquially referred to as a donut or doughnut. If the axis of revolution does not touch the circle, the surface has a ring shape and is called a torus of revolution, also known as a ring torus. If the axis of revolution is tangent to the circle, the surface is a horn torus. If the axis of revolution passes twice through the circle, the surface is a spindle torus (or self-crossing torus or self-intersecting torus). If the axis of revolution passes through the center of the circle, the surface is a degenerate torus, a double-covered sphere. If the revolved curve is not a circle, the surface is called a toroid, as in a square toroid. Real-world objects that approximate a torus of re

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Three-dimensional simulations of plasma blob dynamics in a simple magnetized torus

Annalisa Cardellini

2013

Warped tori with almost non-negative scalar curvature

Davide Parise

For sequences of warped product metrics on a 3-torus satisfying the scalar curvature bound Rj = -1j, uniform upper volume and diameter bounds, and a uniform lower area bound on the smallest minimal surface, we find a subsequence which converges in both the Gromov-Hausdorff and the Sormani-Wenger intrinsic flat sense to a flat 3-torus.

SPRINGER2019

Let G be the product of an abelian variety and a torus defined over a number field K. Let P and Q be K-rational points on G. Suppose that for all but finitely many primes p of K the order of (Q mod p) divides the order of (P mod p). Then there exist a K-endomorphism phi of G and a non-zero integer c such that phi(P) = cQ. Furthermore, we are able to prove the above result with weaker assumptions: instead of comparing the order of the points we only compare the radical of the order (radical support problem) or the l-adic valuation of the order for some fixed rational prime l (l-adic support problem). (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

2009

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In mathematics, topology (from the Greek words τόπος, and λόγος) is concerned with the properties of a geometric object that are preserved under continuous deformations, such as stretching, twisting