A fashion show (in French défilé de mode) is an event where fashion designers showcase clothes, shoes, and accessories for the upcoming seasons of spring/summer and fall/winter to the media and the general public. The bulk of a fashion show consists of models walking on narrow platforms, also known as catwalks or runways dressed in the designer's latest collection, presenting them to fashion critics, influencers, buyers, and media.
The four major fashion weeks in the world, collectively known as the "Big 4", are those in Paris, London, Milan, and New York. Berlin fashion week is also of global importance.
In a fashion show, models dressed in the clothing created by the designer walk the catwalk surrounded by lighting, music, and special effects. The order in which each model walks out and the specific outfits they wear is planned in accordance with the statement that the designers wants to make about their collections. It is then up to the audience to try to understand what the designer is trying to "say", visually deconstruct each outfit and appreciate the detail and craftsmanship of every piece.
Occasionally, fashion shows take the form of installations, where the models are static, standing or sitting in a constructed environment. A wide range of contemporary designers produce their shows as theatrical productions with elaborate sets and added elements such as live music or a technological components such as holograms or pre-recorded video backdrops.
Because "the topic of fashion shows remains to find its historian", the earliest history of fashion shows remains obscure. In the 1800s, "fashion parades" periodically took place in Paris couture salons. At the turn of the 19th century, exclusive fashion houses in Europe, especially Paris and London, were using formal presentations to showcase their latest line to clientele.
One of the designers of this concept, Charles Fredrick Worth, gained traction by displaying clothes on actual people instead of mannequins. American retailers imported the concept of the fashion show in the early 1900s.